TrainCamp_zhangyongpan_Modbus/ModbusDemo/Device/ModbusRTU.cs

using DryIoc;
using ModbusDemo.Model;
using ModbusDemo.Uitls;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO.Ports;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using static System.Runtime.InteropServices.JavaScript.JSType;

namespace ModbusDemo.Device
{
    public class ModbusRTU : IModbusRTU
    {
        //串口
        private SerialPort _serialPort;
        //用于操作数据库
        private ModbusDbContext _modbusDbContext;
        //TODO,修改
        //private SerialPortAdapter _portAdapter;

        public ModbusRTU(SerialPort serialPort, ModbusDbContext modbusDbContext)
        {
            _serialPort = serialPort;
            _modbusDbContext = modbusDbContext;
            //_portAdapter = new SerialPortAdapter(serialPort);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 用来发送读写线圈的指令
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="slaveAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="startAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="numberOfPoints"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public bool[] ReadCoil(byte slaveAddress, ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfPoints)
        {
            bool[] resultValue = null;

            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口没有链接，请先链接");
                return resultValue;
            }
            //构建发送报文
            byte[] sendMessage = ConstructMessage<ushort>(0x01, slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints,ProcessReadData);
            //发送报文
            byte[] responseMessage = SendMessage(sendMessage);
            //判断发送过来的字节是否正确
            if (CheckResponse(responseMessage))
            {
                // 移除前3个字节和后2个校验码字节，并反转数组
                var processedBytes = responseMessage
                    .Skip(3) // 移除前3个字节
                    .Take(responseMessage.Count() - 5) // 保留中间部分 (总长度-5)
                    .Reverse() // 反转字节顺序
                    .ToList();

                // 将每个字节转换为8位二进制字符串，不足8位时左边补0
                string binaryString = string.Concat(
                    processedBytes.Select(b => Convert.ToString(b, 2).PadLeft(8, '0'))
                );

                // 反转二进制字符串中的所有位，并转换为布尔数组
                resultValue = binaryString
                              .Reverse() // 反转所有位的顺序
                              .Take(numberOfPoints) // 取指定数量的位
                              .Select(c => c == '1') // 将字符'1'转换为true，其他转换为false
                              .ToArray();
            }
            //将数据插入到数据库
            InsertDatabase(sendMessage, responseMessage,"读线圈");
            return resultValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 写入多个线圈操作
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="slaveAddress">从站地址</param>
        /// <param name="startAddress">起始地址</param>
        /// <param name="data">写入的数据</param>
        public void WriteCoil(byte slaveAddress, ushort startAddress, bool[] data)
        {
            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口没有链接，请先链接");
                return;
            }
            //构建报文
            byte[] sendMessage = ConstructMessage<bool[]>(0x0F, slaveAddress, startAddress, data, ProcessCoilData);
            //发送报文
            byte[] responseMessage = SendMessage(sendMessage);

            //将数据插入到数据库
            InsertDatabase(sendMessage, responseMessage,"写线圈");
            //判断发送回来的数据是否正确
            CheckResponse(responseMessage);
        }

        
        public ushort[] ReadRegisters(byte slaveAddress, ushort startAddress, ushort numberOfPoints)
        {
            ushort[] resultValue = null;
            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口没有链接，请先链接");
                return resultValue;
            }
            //构建发送报文
            byte[] sendMessage = ConstructMessage<ushort>(0x03, slaveAddress, startAddress, numberOfPoints, ProcessReadData);
            //发送报文
            byte[] responseMessage = SendMessage(sendMessage);

            //将数据插入到数据库
            InsertDatabase(sendMessage, responseMessage,"读寄存器");
            //判断发送回来的数据是否正确
            if (CheckResponse(responseMessage))
            {
                ushort[] registers = new ushort[numberOfPoints];
                for (int i = 0; i < numberOfPoints; i++)
                {
                    int pos = 3 + i * 2;
                    // 大端序转换 (高位在前)
                    registers[i] = (ushort)((responseMessage[pos] << 8) | responseMessage[pos + 1]);
                }

                resultValue = registers;
            }

            return resultValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 写寄存器
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="slaveAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="startAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        public void WriteRegisters(byte slaveAddress, ushort startAddress, ushort[] data)
        {
            if (!_serialPort.IsOpen)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("串口没有链接，请先链接");
                return;
            }
            //构建报文
            byte[] sendMessage = ConstructMessage<ushort[]>(0x10, slaveAddress, startAddress, data, ProcessRegisterData);
            //发送报文
            byte[] responseMessage = SendMessage(sendMessage);

            //将数据插入到数据库
            InsertDatabase(sendMessage, responseMessage, "写寄存器");

           
            //判断发送回来的数据是否正确
            CheckResponse(responseMessage);


        }

        /// 
        // 定义委托处理不同数据类型的转换
        private delegate void DataProcessor<T>(List<byte> sendByteList, T data);
        /// <summary>
        /// 生成发送报文
        /// </summary>
        /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
        /// <param name="Function"></param>
        /// <param name="slaveAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="startAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        /// <param name="processor"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        private byte[] ConstructMessage<T>(byte Function, byte slaveAddress, ushort startAddress, T data, DataProcessor<T> processor)
        {
            byte[] resultValue = null;
            var sendByteList = new List<byte>
            {
                slaveAddress,     // 从站地址
                Function         // 功能码
            };

            // 添加起始地址（高字节在前，低字节在后）
            sendByteList.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(startAddress).Reverse());
            // 调用处理器处理具体数据
            processor(sendByteList, data);

            //获取CRC校验码
            byte[] getCRC = sendByteList.ToArray();
            byte[] resultCRC = CRCUitl.CalculateCRC(getCRC, getCRC.Length);
            sendByteList.Add(resultCRC[0]);
            sendByteList.Add(resultCRC[1]);

            resultValue = sendByteList.ToArray();
            return resultValue;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 处理写入线圈数据
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sendByteList"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        private void ProcessCoilData(List<byte> sendByteList, bool[] data)
        {
            // 添加线圈数量（高字节在前，低字节在后）
            ushort coilCount = (ushort)data.Length;
            sendByteList.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(coilCount).Reverse());

            // 计算所需字节数（每8个线圈占1字节）
            int byteCount = (coilCount + 7) / 8;
            sendByteList.Add((byte)byteCount);

            // 将布尔数组转换为字节数组（每个位表示一个线圈状态）
            byte[] result = new byte[byteCount];

            for (int i = 0; i < data.Length; i++)
            {
                if (data[i])
                {
                    int byteIndex = i / 8;
                    int bitIndex = i % 8;
                    result[byteIndex] |= (byte)(1 << bitIndex);
                }
            }
            sendByteList.AddRange(result);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 处理读取几个线圈或者寄存器的转换
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sendByteList"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        private void ProcessReadData(List<byte> sendByteList, ushort data)
        {
            //设置读取几个线圈的高位和低位
            sendByteList.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(data).Reverse());
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 解析写寄存器的值
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sendByteList"></param>
        /// <param name="data"></param>
        private void ProcessRegisterData(List<byte> sendByteList, ushort[] data)
        {
            // 添加寄存器数量
            sendByteList.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes((ushort)data.Length).Reverse());

            // 计算字节数
            int byteCount = data.Length * 2;
            sendByteList.Add((byte)byteCount);

            // 添加寄存器数据
            foreach (ushort value in data)
            {
                sendByteList.AddRange(BitConverter.GetBytes(value).Reverse());
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 读寄存器操作
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="slaveAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="startAddress"></param>
        /// <param name="numberOfPoints"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>

        /// <summary>
        /// 将构建好的报文发送出去
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sendByte"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public byte[] SendMessage(byte[] sendByte)
        {
            int maxRetries = 3; // 最大重试次数
            int attempt = 0;
            byte[] response = null;
            List<byte> responseData = new List<byte>();

            while (attempt < maxRetries)
            {
                if (_serialPort.IsOpen)
                {
                    // 每次重试前清空缓冲区
                    responseData.Clear();
                    // 清除输入缓冲区残留数据
                    _serialPort.DiscardInBuffer();
                }
                try
                {
                    _serialPort.Write(sendByte, 0, sendByte.Length);
                    //使用时间去轮询查询数据
                    DateTime startTime = DateTime.Now;
                    while ((DateTime.Now - startTime).TotalMilliseconds < _serialPort.ReadTimeout)
                    {
                        int bytesToRead = _serialPort.BytesToRead;
                        if (bytesToRead > 0)
                        {
                            byte[] buffer = new byte[bytesToRead];
                            int bytesRead = _serialPort.Read(buffer, 0, bytesToRead);
                            responseData.AddRange(buffer.Take(bytesRead));
                        }
                        //延迟20毫秒，节约cpu资源
                        Thread.Sleep(20);
                    }
                    response = responseData.ToArray();
                    if (response.Length == 0)
                    {
                        attempt++;
                        continue;
                    }
                    return response;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {


                }
                finally
                {
                    attempt++;
                }

            }
            return null;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将这次报文信息插入到数据库中
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="sendByte"></param>
        /// <param name="response"></param>
        private void InsertDatabase(byte[] sendByte, byte[] response, string operationType)
        {
            try
            {
                //将操作的指令，插入数据库
                string RequestStr = ByteArrayToString(sendByte);
                string responseStr = ByteArrayToString(response);
                ModbusLog modbusLog = new ModbusLog();
                modbusLog.OperationType = operationType;
                modbusLog.ResponseData = responseStr;
                modbusLog.RequestData = RequestStr;
                _modbusDbContext.Add(modbusLog);
                _modbusDbContext.SaveChanges();
            }
            catch (Exception)
            {

                MessageBox.Show(ErrorCode.ErrorCode.DatabaseException.ToString());
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 将数组转换为字符串
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="byteArray"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        static string ByteArrayToString(byte[] byteArray)
        {
            if (byteArray == null || byteArray.Length == 0)
                return string.Empty;

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();

            // 处理第一个元素（无前导空格）
            sb.Append(byteArray[0].ToString("X2"));

            // 处理后续元素（每个前面加空格）
            for (int i = 1; i < byteArray.Length; i++)
            {
                sb.Append(' ');
                sb.Append(byteArray[i].ToString("X2"));
            }

            return sb.ToString();
        }


        /// <summary>
        /// 检测返回的数据格式是否正确
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="response"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool CheckResponse(byte[] response)
        {
            if (response == null || response.Length == 0)
            {
                MessageBox.Show("返回数据为空", "error", MessageBoxButton.OK, MessageBoxImage.Error);
                return false;
            }
            // 检查数组长度是否足够
            if (response.Length > 3)
            {
                byte secondByte = response[1]; // 获取第二个字节（索引为1）

                // 使用掩码0xF0获取高4位，并右移4位
                int highNibble = (secondByte & 0xF0) >> 4;

                // 判断高4位是否等于8
                if (highNibble == 8)
                {
                    var error = ErrorCode.ErrorCode.FromByte(response[2]);

                    MessageBox.Show(error.ToString());
                    return false;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                return false;
            }


            if (!ValidateCRC(response))
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ErrorCode.ErrorCode.CrcCheckError.ToString());
                return false;
            }

            return true;
        }


        //查表法计算CRC
        private static readonly byte[] aucCRCHi = {
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41, 0x01, 0xC0, 0x80, 0x41,
             0x00, 0xC1, 0x81, 0x40
         };
        private static readonly byte[] aucCRCLo = {
             0x00, 0xC0, 0xC1, 0x01, 0xC3, 0x03, 0x02, 0xC2, 0xC6, 0x06, 0x07, 0xC7,
             0x05, 0xC5, 0xC4, 0x04, 0xCC, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0xCD, 0x0F, 0xCF, 0xCE, 0x0E,
             0x0A, 0xCA, 0xCB, 0x0B, 0xC9, 0x09, 0x08, 0xC8, 0xD8, 0x18, 0x19, 0xD9,
             0x1B, 0xDB, 0xDA, 0x1A, 0x1E, 0xDE, 0xDF, 0x1F, 0xDD, 0x1D, 0x1C, 0xDC,
             0x14, 0xD4, 0xD5, 0x15, 0xD7, 0x17, 0x16, 0xD6, 0xD2, 0x12, 0x13, 0xD3,
             0x11, 0xD1, 0xD0, 0x10, 0xF0, 0x30, 0x31, 0xF1, 0x33, 0xF3, 0xF2, 0x32,
             0x36, 0xF6, 0xF7, 0x37, 0xF5, 0x35, 0x34, 0xF4, 0x3C, 0xFC, 0xFD, 0x3D,
             0xFF, 0x3F, 0x3E, 0xFE, 0xFA, 0x3A, 0x3B, 0xFB, 0x39, 0xF9, 0xF8, 0x38,
             0x28, 0xE8, 0xE9, 0x29, 0xEB, 0x2B, 0x2A, 0xEA, 0xEE, 0x2E, 0x2F, 0xEF,
             0x2D, 0xED, 0xEC, 0x2C, 0xE4, 0x24, 0x25, 0xE5, 0x27, 0xE7, 0xE6, 0x26,
             0x22, 0xE2, 0xE3, 0x23, 0xE1, 0x21, 0x20, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0x60, 0x61, 0xA1,
             0x63, 0xA3, 0xA2, 0x62, 0x66, 0xA6, 0xA7, 0x67, 0xA5, 0x65, 0x64, 0xA4,
             0x6C, 0xAC, 0xAD, 0x6D, 0xAF, 0x6F, 0x6E, 0xAE, 0xAA, 0x6A, 0x6B, 0xAB,
             0x69, 0xA9, 0xA8, 0x68, 0x78, 0xB8, 0xB9, 0x79, 0xBB, 0x7B, 0x7A, 0xBA,
             0xBE, 0x7E, 0x7F, 0xBF, 0x7D, 0xBD, 0xBC, 0x7C, 0xB4, 0x74, 0x75, 0xB5,
             0x77, 0xB7, 0xB6, 0x76, 0x72, 0xB2, 0xB3, 0x73, 0xB1, 0x71, 0x70, 0xB0,
             0x50, 0x90, 0x91, 0x51, 0x93, 0x53, 0x52, 0x92, 0x96, 0x56, 0x57, 0x97,
             0x55, 0x95, 0x94, 0x54, 0x9C, 0x5C, 0x5D, 0x9D, 0x5F, 0x9F, 0x9E, 0x5E,
             0x5A, 0x9A, 0x9B, 0x5B, 0x99, 0x59, 0x58, 0x98, 0x88, 0x48, 0x49, 0x89,
             0x4B, 0x8B, 0x8A, 0x4A, 0x4E, 0x8E, 0x8F, 0x4F, 0x8D, 0x4D, 0x4C, 0x8C,
             0x44, 0x84, 0x85, 0x45, 0x87, 0x47, 0x46, 0x86, 0x82, 0x42, 0x43, 0x83,
             0x41, 0x81, 0x80, 0x40
         };

        /// <summary>
        /// CRC校验
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="pucFrame">字节数组</param>
        /// <param name="usLen">验证长度</param>
        /// <returns>2个字节</returns>
        public static byte[] CalculateCRC(byte[] pucFrame, int usLen)
        {
            int i = 0;
            byte[] res = new byte[2] { 0xFF, 0xFF };
            ushort iIndex;
            while (usLen-- > 0)
            {
                iIndex = (ushort)(res[0] ^ pucFrame[i++]);
                res[0] = (byte)(res[1] ^ aucCRCHi[iIndex]);
                res[1] = aucCRCLo[iIndex];
            }
            return res;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 用来计算CRC是否合理
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="fullFrame"></param>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static bool ValidateCRC(byte[] fullFrame)
        {
            // 报文必须至少包含2个字节的CRC校验码
            if (fullFrame.Length < 2)
                return false;

            // 计算数据部分的长度（排除最后2个CRC字节）
            int dataLength = fullFrame.Length - 2;

            // 提取报文中包含的CRC校验码（传输顺序：低字节在前，高字节在后）
            byte receivedCrcLo = fullFrame[fullFrame.Length - 2];
            byte receivedCrcHi = fullFrame[fullFrame.Length - 1];

            // 计算数据部分的CRC（返回顺序：高字节在前，低字节在后）
            byte[] calculatedCrc = CalculateCRC(fullFrame, dataLength);

            // 比较计算出的CRC和接收到的CRC
            return (calculatedCrc[calculatedCrc.Length - 1] == receivedCrcHi) &&
                   (calculatedCrc[calculatedCrc.Length - 2] == receivedCrcLo);
        }
    }
}