#include "domain/control_logic_model.h"
#include "domain/hmi_control_registry.h"
#include "domain/hmi_model.h"
#include "domain/project_model.h"
#include "domain/project_limits.h"
#include "domain/register_address.h"
#include "domain/register_repository.h"
#include "domain/runtime_state.h"
#include "domain/virtual_register_repository.h"
#include "support/test_support.h"

#include <algorithm>
#include <cstdint>
#include <exception>
#include <functional>
#include <iostream>
#include <set>
#include <stdexcept>
#include <string>

namespace {

using TestSupport::require;

int expressionColumns(const ConditionExpression &expression)
{
    if (expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Node)
    {
        return 1;
    }
    if (expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Wire)
    {
        return expression.wire->columnSpan;
    }
    if (expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Gap)
    {
        return expression.gap->columnSpan;
    }
    int columns = expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Series ? 0 : 1;
    for (const ConditionExpression &child : expression.children)
    {
        const int child_columns = expressionColumns(child);
        columns = expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Series
            ? columns + child_columns : std::max(columns, child_columns);
    }
    return columns;
}

void testRegisterAddressBoundaries()
{
    // 覆盖 M/D 地址允许范围及未知枚举值的拒绝路径
    require(RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}.isValid(),
            "M0 must be valid");
    require(RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 4000}.isValid(),
            "D4000 must be valid");
    require(!(RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, -1}.isValid()),
            "negative register index must be rejected");
    require(!(RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 4001}.isValid()),
            "register index above 4000 must be rejected");
    require(!(RegisterAddress{static_cast<RegisterArea>(99), 0}.isValid()),
            "unknown register area must be rejected");
}

void testRegisterAddressParsing()
{
    const RegisterAddressParseResult m0 = parseRegisterAddress("  m0  ");
    require(m0.succeeded && m0.address == RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0},
            "register parser must trim and normalize lowercase M addresses");
    const RegisterAddressParseResult d4000 = parseRegisterAddress("D4000");
    require(d4000.succeeded
                && d4000.address == RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 4000},
            "register parser must accept the maximum D address");
    require(parseRegisterAddress("").error == RegisterAddressParseError::Empty,
            "register parser must distinguish empty input");
    require(parseRegisterAddress("X0").error
                == RegisterAddressParseError::UnsupportedArea,
            "register parser must reject unsupported areas");
    require(parseRegisterAddress("M1.0").error
                == RegisterAddressParseError::InvalidFormat,
            "register parser must reject non-decimal indices");
    require(parseRegisterAddress("D4001").error
                == RegisterAddressParseError::OutOfRange,
            "register parser must reject addresses above the project range");
}

void testRegisterRepositorySeparatesAreas()
{
    // 验证离线仓库不会把 M 位和 D 字交叉解释
    VirtualRegisterRepository repository;
    const RegisterAddress m0{RegisterArea::M, 0};
    const RegisterAddress d0{RegisterArea::D, 0};

    require(repository.writeBit(m0, true).succeeded, "M bit write must succeed");
    require(repository.readBit(m0).value, "M bit read must return written value");
    require(repository.writeWord(d0, static_cast<std::int16_t>(-123)).succeeded,
            "D word write must succeed");
    require(repository.readWord(d0).value == -123, "D word read must return written value");
    require(repository.readBit(d0).error == RegisterError::AreaMismatch,
            "D address must not be read as a bit");
    require(repository.readWord(m0).error == RegisterError::AreaMismatch,
            "M address must not be read as a word");
}

void testHmiControlRegistryCompleteness()
{
    std::set<const HmiControlDescriptor *> descriptors;
    std::set<std::string> storage_names;
    std::set<std::string> id_prefixes;
    const std::size_t control_type_count =
        static_cast<std::size_t>(HmiControlType::Count);
    for (std::size_t index = 0; index < control_type_count; ++index)
    {
        const HmiControlType type = static_cast<HmiControlType>(index);
        const HmiControlDescriptor *descriptor =
            findHmiControlDescriptor(type);
        require(descriptor != nullptr,
                "every HMI control type must have one descriptor");
        require(descriptor->type == type,
                "HMI type lookup must return the requested descriptor");
        require(descriptors.emplace(descriptor).second,
                "each HMI control type must resolve to a different descriptor");
        require(descriptor->storageName != nullptr
                    && descriptor->storageName[0] != '\0',
                "HMI storage names must not be empty");
        require(descriptor->displayName != nullptr
                    && descriptor->displayName[0] != '\0',
                "HMI display names must not be empty");
        require(descriptor->idPrefix != nullptr
                    && descriptor->idPrefix[0] != '\0',
                "HMI id prefixes must not be empty");
        require(descriptor->defaultText != nullptr,
                "HMI default text must not be null");
        require(descriptor->defaultBounds.width > 0
                    && descriptor->defaultBounds.height > 0,
                "HMI default bounds must have a positive size");
        require(findHmiControlDescriptor(descriptor->storageName) == descriptor,
                "HMI storage name lookup must return its registered descriptor");
        require(storage_names.emplace(descriptor->storageName).second,
                "HMI storage names must be unique");
        require(id_prefixes.emplace(descriptor->idPrefix).second,
                "HMI id prefixes must be unique");

        const std::optional<RegisterArea> binding_area =
            hmiBindingArea(descriptor->bindingKind);
        switch (descriptor->runtimeValueKind)
        {
        case HmiRuntimeValueKind::Bit:
        {
            require(descriptor->bindingKind == HmiBindingKind::Bit
                        && binding_area == RegisterArea::M,
                    "bit runtime controls must bind to the M area");
            break;
        }
        case HmiRuntimeValueKind::Word:
        {
            require(descriptor->bindingKind == HmiBindingKind::Word
                        && binding_area == RegisterArea::D,
                    "word runtime controls must bind to the D area");
            break;
        }
        case HmiRuntimeValueKind::None:
        {
            require(descriptor->bindingKind == HmiBindingKind::None
                        && !binding_area.has_value(),
                    "static controls must not declare a register binding");
            break;
        }
        }

        require(descriptor->requiresBindingForRunning
                    == (descriptor->runtimeValueKind
                        != HmiRuntimeValueKind::None),
                "runtime value controls must require a configured binding");
    }

    require(findHmiControlDescriptor(HmiControlType::Count) == nullptr,
            "the HMI control count marker must not be registered");
    require(findHmiControlDescriptor(static_cast<HmiControlType>(99)) == nullptr,
            "unknown HMI control types must not resolve");
    require(findHmiControlDescriptor("unknown") == nullptr,
            "unknown HMI storage names must not resolve");
    require(hmiBindingArea(HmiBindingKind::Bit) == RegisterArea::M,
            "bit bindings must use the M area");
    require(hmiBindingArea(HmiBindingKind::Word) == RegisterArea::D,
            "word bindings must use the D area");
    require(!hmiBindingArea(HmiBindingKind::None).has_value(),
            "controls without bindings must not resolve a register area");
}

void testProgressBarConfigurationBoundaries()
{
    const HmiProgressBarConfig config{-20, 80, true};
    require(config.isValid(), "a progress bar range must accept increasing bounds");
    require(config.percentageForValue(-20) == 0,
            "progress bar minimum must map to zero percent");
    require(config.percentageForValue(30) == 50,
            "progress bar midpoint must map to fifty percent");
    require(config.percentageForValue(80) == 100,
            "progress bar maximum must map to one hundred percent");
    require(config.percentageForValue(-100) == 0
                && config.percentageForValue(100) == 100,
            "progress bar percentages must clamp values outside the range");

    HmiProgressBarConfig invalid_range{10, 10, true};
    require(!invalid_range.isValid()
                && invalid_range.percentageForValue(10) == 0,
            "progress bar must reject an empty range defensively");

    HmiControl progress;
    progress.id = "progress";
    progress.type = HmiControlType::ProgressBar;
    progress.progressBar = config;
    require(progress.validate(),
            "an unbound progress bar with valid configuration must remain a valid draft");
    require(!progress.isConfigured(),
            "an unbound progress bar must not be ready for running");
    progress.binding = RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0};
    require(progress.validate() && progress.isConfigured(),
            "a progress bar with a D binding must be ready for running");
    progress.progressBar->maximumValue = progress.progressBar->minimumValue;
    require(!progress.validate(),
            "a progress bar with an invalid range must be rejected");
    progress.progressBar = config;
    progress.binding = RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0};
    require(!progress.validate(),
            "a progress bar must reject an M binding");
}

Project makeValidProject();

void testHmiAppearancePropertyBoundaries()
{
    // 外观属性必须在领域层拒绝格式错误，但不能影响未知扩展属性
    Project project = makeValidProject();
    HmiControl &button = project.hmiPages.front().controls.front();
    button.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kTextColor] = "#E53935";
    button.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontSize] = "18";
    button.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontBold] = "true";
    button.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontItalic] = "false";
    require(project.validate(), "valid HMI appearance properties must pass validation");

    button.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kTextColor] = "red";
    require(!project.validate(), "text colors must use the #RRGGBB format");

    project = makeValidProject();
    HmiControl &font_control = project.hmiPages.front().controls.front();
    font_control.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontSize] = "5";
    require(!project.validate(), "font sizes below the minimum must be rejected");
    font_control.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontSize] = "73";
    require(!project.validate(), "font sizes above the maximum must be rejected");
    font_control.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontSize] = "large";
    require(!project.validate(), "non-numeric font sizes must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    HmiControl &style_control = project.hmiPages.front().controls.front();
    style_control.properties[HmiAppearanceProperty::kFontBold] = "yes";
    require(!project.validate(), "font style flags must be true or false");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().properties["legacyColor"] = "green";
    require(project.validate(), "unknown HMI extension properties must remain supported");
}

Project makeValidProject()
{
    // 构造包含 HMI 绑定和完整梯形图网络的最小合法工程作为测试基线
    HmiControl start_button;
    start_button.id = "start-button";
    start_button.type = HmiControlType::Button;
    start_button.text = "Start";
    start_button.binding = {RegisterArea::M, 0};

    HmiPage page;
    page.id = "main-page";
    page.name = "Main";
    page.controls.push_back(start_button);

    LogicNode contact;
    contact.id = "start-contact";
    contact.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};

    LogicNode coil;
    coil.id = "run-coil";
    coil.config = CoilNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 1},
        CoilMode::Normal};

    ControlLogic logic;
    logic.id = "start-logic";
    logic.name = "Start logic";
    LadderRung rung;
    rung.id = "rung-1";
    rung.name = "Network 1";
    ConditionExpression condition;
    condition.id = "start-series";
    condition.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
    condition.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(contact),
        ConditionExpression::fromWire("start-wire", 9)};
    rung.condition = std::move(condition);
    rung.output = coil;
    logic.rungs.push_back(rung);

    Project project;
    project.metadata = {"sample-project", "Sample project", "1.0"};
    project.hmiPages.push_back(page);
    project.initialHmiPageId = page.id;
    project.controlLogics.push_back(logic);
    return project;
}

void testMultiPageAndLogicDomainRules()
{
    Project project = makeValidProject();
    HmiPage settings;
    settings.id = "settings-page";
    settings.name = "Settings";
    project.hmiPages.push_back(settings);

    HmiControl label;
    label.id = "title";
    label.type = HmiControlType::Label;
    label.text = "Machine";
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.push_back(label);
    require(project.validate(), "an unbound label must be a valid static control");

    project.hmiPages.front().controls.back().binding =
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 10};
    require(!project.validate(), "labels must reject register bindings");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.push_back(settings);
    HmiControl jump;
    jump.id = "settings-jump";
    jump.type = HmiControlType::PageJump;
    jump.text = "Settings";
    jump.pageJump = HmiPageJumpConfig{settings.id};
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.push_back(jump);
    require(project.validate() && project.validateForRunning(),
            "a page jump must resolve its target by stable page id");

    project.hmiPages.front().controls.back().pageJump->targetPageId = "missing";
    require(!project.validate(), "a page jump must reject a missing target page");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.initialHmiPageId = "missing";
    require(!project.validate(), "the initial HMI page id must resolve to a page");

    project = makeValidProject();
    HmiPage duplicate_name = settings;
    duplicate_name.name = project.hmiPages.front().name;
    project.hmiPages.push_back(duplicate_name);
    require(!project.validate(), "HMI page names must be unique");

    project = makeValidProject();
    ControlLogic disabled_draft;
    disabled_draft.id = "draft-logic";
    disabled_draft.name = "Draft logic";
    disabled_draft.enabled = false;
    disabled_draft.rungs.push_back(
        {"rung-1", "Draft network", {}, std::nullopt, std::nullopt});
    project.controlLogics.push_back(disabled_draft);
    require(project.validateForRunning(),
            "a disabled draft logic must not block offline running");

    project.controlLogics.back().name = project.controlLogics.front().name;
    require(!project.validate(), "control logic names must be unique");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().type =
        static_cast<HmiControlType>(99);
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().binding.reset();
    require(!project.validate(), "unknown HMI control types must be rejected");
}

void testQuantityBoundaries()
{
    Project project = makeValidProject();
    for (std::size_t index = 1U; index < ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiPages; ++index)
    {
        project.hmiPages.push_back({
            "page-" + std::to_string(index),
            "Page " + std::to_string(index),
            800,
            400,
            {}});
    }
    require(project.validate(), "an HMI page count at the configured limit must be accepted");
    project.hmiPages.push_back({"page-over", "Page over", 800, 400, {}});
    require(!project.validate(), "an HMI page count of 129 must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.clear();
    project.initialHmiPageId.clear();
    for (std::size_t page_index = 0U; page_index < 17U; ++page_index)
    {
        HmiPage page{
            "bulk-page-" + std::to_string(page_index),
            "Bulk page " + std::to_string(page_index),
            800,
            400,
            {}};
        for (std::size_t control_index = 0U;
             control_index < ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiControlsPerPage;
             ++control_index)
        {
            HmiControl label;
            label.id = "label-" + std::to_string(control_index);
            label.type = HmiControlType::Label;
            label.bounds = {0, 0, 1, 1};
            label.text = "label";
            page.controls.push_back(std::move(label));
        }
        project.hmiPages.push_back(std::move(page));
    }
    project.initialHmiPageId = project.hmiPages.front().id;
    require(!project.validate(),
            "an HMI control count over the project limit must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.clear();
    for (std::size_t index = 0U;
         index < ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiControlsPerPage;
         ++index)
    {
        HmiControl label;
        label.id = "label-" + std::to_string(index);
        label.type = HmiControlType::Label;
        label.bounds = {0, 0, 1, 1};
        label.text = "label";
        project.hmiPages.front().controls.push_back(std::move(label));
    }
    require(project.validate(), "a page control count at the configured limit must be accepted");
    HmiControl extra_label;
    extra_label.id = "label-over";
    extra_label.type = HmiControlType::Label;
    extra_label.bounds = {0, 0, 1, 1};
    extra_label.text = "label";
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.push_back(std::move(extra_label));
    require(!project.validate(), "a page control count of 513 must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.controlLogics.clear();
    for (std::size_t logic_index = 0U; logic_index < 9U; ++logic_index)
    {
        ControlLogic logic{
            "bulk-logic-" + std::to_string(logic_index),
            "Bulk logic " + std::to_string(logic_index),
            {},
            true};
        for (std::size_t rung_index = 0U;
             rung_index < ProjectLimits::kMaximumRungsPerLogic;
             ++rung_index)
        {
            logic.rungs.push_back({
                "rung-" + std::to_string(rung_index),
                "Rung " + std::to_string(rung_index),
                {},
                std::nullopt,
                {}});
        }
        project.controlLogics.push_back(std::move(logic));
    }
    require(!project.validate(),
            "a ladder rung count over the project limit must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().width = ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiPageWidth;
    project.hmiPages.front().height = ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiPageHeight;
    require(project.validate(), "an HMI page size of 1600 by 800 must be accepted");
    project.hmiPages.front().width = ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiPageWidth + 1;
    require(!project.validate(), "an HMI page width of 1601 must be rejected");
    project.hmiPages.front().width = ProjectLimits::kMinimumHmiPageWidth - 1;
    require(!project.validate(), "an HMI page width of 319 must be rejected");
    project.hmiPages.front().width = ProjectLimits::kMaximumHmiPageWidth;
    project.hmiPages.front().height = ProjectLimits::kMinimumHmiPageHeight - 1;
    require(!project.validate(), "an HMI page height of 199 must be rejected");

    ConditionExpression leaf = ConditionExpression::fromNode({
        "depth-node-0",
        ContactNodeConfig{RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}},
        true});
    std::function<ConditionExpression(int, int *)> makeNested =
        [&makeNested](int depth, int *next_address)
        {
            if (depth == 1)
            {
                const int address = (*next_address)++;
                return ConditionExpression::fromNode({
                    "depth-node-" + std::to_string(address),
                    ContactNodeConfig{RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, address}},
                    true});
            }
            const int address = (*next_address)++;
            ConditionExpression nested = makeNested(depth - 1, next_address);
            ConditionExpression sibling = ConditionExpression::fromNode({
                "depth-node-" + std::to_string(address),
                ContactNodeConfig{RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, address}},
                true});
            ConditionExpression expression;
            expression.id = "depth-expression-" + std::to_string(address);
            expression.kind = depth % 2 == 0
                ? ConditionExpressionKind::Parallel
                : ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
            if (expression.kind == ConditionExpressionKind::Parallel
                && expressionColumns(nested) > 1)
            {
                ConditionExpression padded_sibling;
                padded_sibling.id = "depth-padding-" + std::to_string(address);
                padded_sibling.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
                padded_sibling.children = {
                    std::move(sibling),
                    ConditionExpression::fromWire(
                        "depth-wire-" + std::to_string(address),
                        expressionColumns(nested) - 1)};
                sibling = std::move(padded_sibling);
            }
            expression.children = {std::move(nested), std::move(sibling)};
            return expression;
        };
    int next_address = 1;
    ConditionExpression maximum_depth = makeNested(
        static_cast<int>(ProjectLimits::kMaximumExpressionDepth), &next_address);
    require(maximum_depth.validate(),
            "an expression depth at the configured limit must be accepted");
    ConditionExpression excessive_depth = makeNested(
        static_cast<int>(ProjectLimits::kMaximumExpressionDepth) + 1,
        &next_address);
    require(!excessive_depth.validate(),
            "an expression depth above the configured limit must be rejected");

    (void)leaf;
}

void testLogicNodeConfigurationBoundaries()
{
    // 触点只能绑定 M 区，数值比较只能绑定 D 区
    LogicNode contact;
    contact.id = "contact";
    contact.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};
    require(contact.validate(), "contact node bound to M address must be valid");

    contact.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};
    require(!contact.validate(), "contact node bound to D address must be rejected");

    LogicNode comparison;
    comparison.id = "comparison";
    comparison.config = CompareNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0},
        ComparisonOperator::GreaterThan,
        static_cast<std::int16_t>(100)};
    require(comparison.validate(), "comparison node bound to D address must be valid");
}

void testEdgeAndCommentBoundaries()
{
    LogicNode edge;
    edge.id = "edge";
    edge.config = EdgeContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}, EdgeMode::Rising};
    require(edge.validate(), "a valid rising edge contact must pass validation");

    RegisterComment comment{RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}, "启动按钮"};
    require(comment.validate(), "a nonblank register comment must be valid");
    comment.text.assign(ProjectLimits::kMaximumRegisterCommentBytes, 'a');
    require(comment.validate(), "a register comment at the byte limit must be valid");
    comment.text.push_back('a');
    require(!comment.validate(), "a register comment above the byte limit must fail");
    comment.text = "启动\n按钮";
    require(!comment.validate(), "a multiline register comment must be rejected");
    comment.text = "启动\r按钮";
    require(!comment.validate(), "a register comment containing CR must be rejected");
    comment.text = " \t";
    require(!comment.validate(), "a blank register comment must be rejected");

    LadderRung comment_rung;
    comment_rung.id = "comment-rung";
    comment_rung.name = "Comment rung";
    comment_rung.comment.assign(ProjectLimits::kMaximumRungCommentBytes, 'a');
    require(comment_rung.validate(), "a rung comment at the byte limit must be valid");
    comment_rung.comment.push_back('a');
    require(!comment_rung.validate(), "a rung comment above the byte limit must fail");
    comment_rung.comment = "第一行\n第二行";
    require(!comment_rung.validate(), "a multiline rung comment must be rejected");
    comment_rung.comment = "第一行\r第二行";
    require(!comment_rung.validate(), "a rung comment containing CR must be rejected");

    Project project = makeValidProject();
    project.registerComments = {
        {RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}, "启动按钮"},
        {RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0}, "重复地址"}};
    require(!project.validate(), "duplicate register comments must be rejected");
}

void testDataInstructionBoundaries()
{
    LogicNode move;
    move.id = "move";
    move.config = MoveNodeConfig{
        WordOperand{
            WordOperandKind::Constant,
            RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0},
            -100},
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 20}};
    require(move.validate() && move.isOutput(),
            "MOVE with a constant source and D destination must be a valid output");

    LogicNode add;
    add.id = "add";
    add.config = ArithmeticNodeConfig{
        ArithmeticOperation::Add,
        WordOperand{
            WordOperandKind::Register,
            RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 20},
            0},
        WordOperand{
            WordOperandKind::Constant,
            RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0},
            1},
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 20}};
    require(add.validate() && add.isOutput(),
            "ADD must allow the same D register as source and destination");

}

void testLadderLogicBoundaries()
{
    LogicNode stop;
    stop.id = "stop";
    stop.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 1},
        ContactMode::NormallyClosed};

    LogicNode start;
    start.id = "start";
    start.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 0},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};

    LogicNode run_contact;
    run_contact.id = "run-contact";
    run_contact.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 1},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};

    LogicNode coil;
    coil.id = "run-coil";
    coil.config = CoilNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 1},
        CoilMode::Normal};

    ControlLogic logic;
    logic.id = "hold-logic";
    logic.name = "Hold logic";
    ConditionExpression start_parallel;
    start_parallel.id = "parallel-start";
    start_parallel.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Parallel;
    start_parallel.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(start),
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(run_contact)};
    ConditionExpression root;
    root.id = "series-root";
    root.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
    root.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(stop),
        start_parallel,
        ConditionExpression::fromWire("hold-output-wire", 8)};
    LadderRung rung;
    rung.id = "rung-1";
    rung.name = "Self hold";
    rung.condition = root;
    rung.output = coil;
    logic.rungs.push_back(rung);
    require(logic.validate(), "stop AND (start OR run) self-hold ladder must be valid");

    ConditionExpression wire = ConditionExpression::fromWire("wire-1", 2);
    require(wire.validate() && wire.validateForRunning()
                && wire.wire->columnSpan == 2,
            "a configured horizontal wire must be a valid runnable expression leaf");
    ConditionExpression invalid_wire = ConditionExpression::fromWire("wire-invalid", 0);
    require(!invalid_wire.validate(), "a zero-column horizontal wire must be rejected");
    invalid_wire = ConditionExpression::fromWire(
        "wire-too-wide", WireSegment::kMaximumColumnSpan + 1);
    require(!invalid_wire.validate(), "an oversized horizontal wire must be rejected");

    ConditionExpression gap = ConditionExpression::fromGap("gap-1", 1);
    require(gap.validate() && !gap.validateForRunning(),
            "a gap must be a valid editing draft but must block runtime validation");

    ConditionExpression maximum_columns;
    maximum_columns.id = "maximum-columns";
    maximum_columns.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
    for (int column = 0; column < ProjectLimits::kMaximumConditionColumns; ++column)
    {
        LogicNode node;
        node.id = "column-" + std::to_string(column + 1);
        node.config = ContactNodeConfig{
            RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, column},
            ContactMode::NormallyOpen};
        maximum_columns.children.push_back(
            ConditionExpression::fromNode(std::move(node)));
    }
    require(maximum_columns.validate(),
            "ten condition columns must be accepted");
    LogicNode extra_column;
    extra_column.id = "column-11";
    extra_column.config = ContactNodeConfig{
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::M, 10},
        ContactMode::NormallyOpen};
    maximum_columns.children.push_back(
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(std::move(extra_column)));
    require(!maximum_columns.validate(),
            "an eleventh condition column must be rejected");

    ConditionExpression wired_series;
    wired_series.id = "wired-series";
    wired_series.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
    wired_series.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(stop),
        ConditionExpression::fromWire("wire-series"),
        start_parallel};
    require(wired_series.validateForRunning(),
            "a wire must preserve a valid structured series expression");

    logic.rungs.front().condition->children.front() =
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(coil);
    require(!logic.validate(), "a ladder condition expression must reject coils");
    logic.rungs.front().condition = root;
    logic.rungs.front().output = start;
    require(!logic.validate(), "a ladder output must be a coil");

    logic.rungs.front().output.reset();
    require(logic.validate(), "incomplete ladder may remain in an editable draft");
    require(!logic.validateForRunning(),
            "conditions without an output must block runtime validation");

    LadderRung empty_rung{
        "rung-empty", "Empty network", {}, std::nullopt, std::nullopt};
    require(empty_rung.validate(), "an empty editing network must be valid");

    empty_rung.output = coil;
    require(!empty_rung.validate(),
            "an output without an explicit ten-column condition path must be rejected");
    empty_rung.condition = ConditionExpression::fromWire("unconditional-wire", 10);
    require(empty_rung.validate() && empty_rung.validateForRunning(),
            "a ten-column wire path must represent a runnable unconditional rung");
    empty_rung.condition = ConditionExpression::fromGap("unconditional-gap", 10);
    require(empty_rung.validate() && !empty_rung.validateForRunning(),
            "a full-width gap draft must remain saved but disconnected");

    logic.rungs.front().output = coil;
    logic.rungs.front().condition = root;
    logic.rungs.front().condition->children.at(1).children.at(1).node->id = start.id;
    require(!logic.validate(), "logic node ids must be unique");

    ConditionExpression nested_parallel;
    nested_parallel.id = "parallel-nested";
    nested_parallel.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Parallel;
    nested_parallel.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(start),
        root};
    require(!nested_parallel.validate(),
            "parallel branches with unequal explicit widths must be rejected");
    ConditionExpression padded_start;
    padded_start.id = "padded-start";
    padded_start.kind = ConditionExpressionKind::Series;
    padded_start.children = {
        ConditionExpression::fromNode(start),
        ConditionExpression::fromWire("nested-parallel-wire", 9)};
    nested_parallel.children.front() = std::move(padded_start);
    require(nested_parallel.validate(),
            "parallel branches padded with explicit wires must be valid");
}

void testModelsValidateBindingsAndIdentifiers()
{
    // 聚合验证必须拒绝错误绑定、重复标识和越界控件
    Project project = makeValidProject();
    require(project.validate(), "valid project model must pass validation");

    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().binding =
        RegisterAddress{RegisterArea::D, 0};
    require(!project.validate(), "button bound to D area must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.push_back(project.hmiPages.front());
    require(!project.validate(), "duplicate HMI page id must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().bounds.x = -1;
    require(!project.validate(), "controls outside the page must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().bounds.width = 801;
    require(!project.validate(), "controls wider than the page must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().properties.emplace("", "value");
    require(!project.validate(), "empty HMI property names must be rejected");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.hmiPages.front().controls.front().binding.reset();
    require(project.validate(), "unbound HMI control must be accepted in a draft");
    require(!project.validateForRunning(),
            "unbound HMI control must block runtime validation");

    project = makeValidProject();
    project.controlLogics.front().rungs.front().output->configured = false;
    require(project.validate(), "unconfigured ladder node must be accepted in a draft");
    require(!project.validateForRunning(),
            "unconfigured ladder node must block runtime validation");
}

void testRuntimeStateBoundaries()
{
    // 运行模式测试覆盖离线和真机的互斥及 PLC 首读前置条件
    RuntimeState state;
    require(state.policy().allowsProjectEditing, "editing mode must allow project editing");
    require(state.enterOfflineRunning().succeeded, "editing may enter offline running");
    require(state.policy().usesVirtualRegisters, "offline mode must use virtual registers");
    require(state.policy().runsLogicExecutor, "offline mode must run logic executor");
    require(state.enterOnlineRunning(true).error
                == ModeTransitionError::MustReturnToEditing,
            "offline mode must not directly enter online mode");

    require(state.enterEditing().succeeded, "offline mode may return to editing");
    require(state.enterOnlineRunning(false).error
                == ModeTransitionError::InitialPlcReadRequired,
            "online mode must require an initial PLC read");
    require(state.enterOnlineRunning(true).succeeded,
            "editing may enter online mode after initial PLC read");
    require(!state.policy().runsLogicExecutor,
            "online mode must keep the software logic executor stopped");
    require(state.policy().usesPlcRegisters, "online mode must use PLC registers");
}

} // namespace

int main()
{
    try
    {
        // 每个测试函数独立覆盖一个领域边界，首个异常即终止测试进程
        testRegisterAddressBoundaries();
        testRegisterAddressParsing();
        testRegisterRepositorySeparatesAreas();
        testHmiControlRegistryCompleteness();
        testProgressBarConfigurationBoundaries();
        testHmiAppearancePropertyBoundaries();
        testLogicNodeConfigurationBoundaries();
        testEdgeAndCommentBoundaries();
        testDataInstructionBoundaries();
        testLadderLogicBoundaries();
        testModelsValidateBindingsAndIdentifiers();
        testMultiPageAndLogicDomainRules();
        testQuantityBoundaries();
        testRuntimeStateBoundaries();
    }
    catch (const std::exception &error)
    {
        std::cerr << "domain tests failed: " << error.what() << '\n';
        return 1;
    }

    std::cout << "domain tests passed\n";
    return 0;
}