TrainCamp_lipengpeng_Modbus/widget.cpp

#include "widget.h"
#include "ui_widget.h"
#include <QSerialPortInfo>
#include <QDebug>
#include <QSerialPort>
#include <QByteArray>
#include <QString>
#include <QVector>
#include <QMessageBox>
#include <synchapi.h>

Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
    QWidget(parent),
    ui(new Ui::Widget)
{
    modbus = new MyModbus();
    ui->setupUi(this);
    setFixedSize(700,500);
    serialComm = new SerialCommunicator(this);  // 初始化串口通信类

    // 配置串口参数
    serialComm->setMaxRetry(3);       // 最大重发3次
    serialComm->setRecvTimeout(50);   // 接收超时50ms
    serialComm->setResendTimeout(1000);  // 重发间隔1s

    // 连接信号槽（串口->界面）
    //当串口接收到完整数据后，SerialCommunicator会发出dataReceived信号
    connect(serialComm, &SerialCommunicator::dataReceived, this, &Widget::onSerialDataReceived);
    //当串口状态改变时，SerialCommunicator会发出statusChanged信号
    connect(serialComm, &SerialCommunicator::statusChanged, this, &Widget::onSerialStatusChanged);
    //当发送数据超过超时重发次数后仍未收到数据，SerialCommunicator会发出timeoutOccurred信号
    connect(serialComm, &SerialCommunicator::timeoutOccurred, this, &Widget::onSerialTimeout);
    //当串口连接出现错误时(例如串口突然断开)，SerialCommunicator会发出physicalDisconnected信号
    connect(serialComm, &SerialCommunicator::physicalDisconnected, this, [=](){
        ui->btnConnect->setText("连接");
        ui->btn_read->setEnabled(false);
        ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(false);
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "警告", "串口已断开连接");
    });

    //设置默认波特率、数据位、校验位
    ui->comboBox_baudRate->setCurrentIndex(3);
    ui->comboBox_dataBit->setCurrentIndex(3);
    ui->comboBox_xiaoyan->setCurrentIndex(2);

    //串口未连接前锁定读取和写入按钮
    ui->btn_read->setEnabled(0);
    ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(0);

    //检查当前可用串口
    QList<QSerialPortInfo> serialList = QSerialPortInfo::availablePorts();
    for(QSerialPortInfo serialInfo : serialList)
    {
        ui->comboBox_serialNum->addItem(serialInfo.portName());
    }
}

Widget::~Widget()
{
    delete modbus;
    delete serialComm;
    delete ui;
}

//串口连接
void Widget::on_btnConnect_clicked()
{
    if (ui->btnConnect->text() == "连接")
    {
        // 获取界面配置的串口参数
        QString portName = ui->comboBox_serialNum->currentText();
        qint32 baudRate = ui->comboBox_baudRate->currentText().toInt();
        QSerialPort::DataBits dataBits = QSerialPort::DataBits(ui->comboBox_dataBit->currentText().toInt());
        QSerialPort::Parity parity;
        switch (ui->comboBox_xiaoyan->currentIndex())
        {
        case 0: parity = QSerialPort::NoParity; break;
        case 1: parity = QSerialPort::OddParity; break;
        case 2: parity = QSerialPort::EvenParity; break;
        default: parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
        }
        QSerialPort::StopBits stopBits = QSerialPort::StopBits(ui->comboBox_stopBit->currentText().toInt());

        // 配置并打开串口
        serialComm->setPortParams(portName, baudRate, dataBits, parity, stopBits);
        if (serialComm->open())
        {
            ui->btnConnect->setText("断开");
            ui->btn_read->setEnabled(true);
            ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(true);
        }
        else
        {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "串口连接失败");
        }
    }
    else
    {
        // 断开串口
        serialComm->close();
        ui->btnConnect->setText("连接");
        ui->btn_read->setEnabled(false);
        ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(false);
    }

}

//写线圈和写寄存器
void Widget::on_pushWrite_clicked()
{
    switch (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex())    //判断当前功能码
    {
    case 2:   //写多个线圈
    {
        QString sendData = ui->lineEdit->text().trimmed();  //读取输入框中的数据
        //判断输入框中是否为空
        if (sendData.isEmpty())
        {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请至少输入一个数据");
            return;
        }
        sendData.remove(" ");      //移除输入数据中的空格
        //判断输入数据是否为二进制格式
        for (QChar ch : sendData)
        {
            if (ch != '0' && ch != '1')
            {
                QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "只允许输入 0 或 1！");
                return;
            }
        }

        //拆分数据
        QVector<bool> coils;
        for (QChar ch : sendData)
        {
            coils.append(ch == '1');
        }

        //配置从站参数
        quint16 stationAddress = ui->lineEdit_stationAddress->text().toInt();
        quint16 functionCode = 0x0f;
        quint16 stratAddress = ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt();
        quint16 length = ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt();

        //判断输入数据长度与设置的长度是否一致
        if (coils.size() != length)
        {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "输入数据数与设置的长度不匹配");
            return;
        }
        //将从站参数传入modbus中
        modbus->Set(stationAddress,functionCode,stratAddress,length);
        modbus->WriteCoil(coils);   //使用WriteCoil方法生成命令报文

        serialComm->sendData(modbus->SendCommand());  //发送生成的命令报文
        //锁定按钮
        ui->btn_read->setEnabled(0);
        ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(0);

        break;
    }

    case 3:    //写多个寄存器
    {
        QString sendData = ui->lineEdit->text().trimmed();   //读取数据
        //判断输入框中是否为空
        if (sendData.isEmpty())
        {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请输入完整的寄存器数据");
            return;
        }

        //拆分输入的寄存器数据
        QStringList sl = sendData.split(',');
        QVector<quint16> values;
        bool ok;

        // 检查输入是否是十进制
        bool isDecimal = true;
        for (const QString &s : sl)
        {
            s.toInt(&ok);
            if (!ok)
            {
                isDecimal = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        //若判断输入的数据不是10进制，则按16进制数据处理
        for (const QString &s : sl)
        {
            quint16 v;
            if (isDecimal)
            {
                // 如果是十进制输入
                v = s.toUShort(&ok, 10);
                if (!ok)
                {
                    QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请输入正确的十进制值（0-65535）");
                    return;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                // 默认按十六进制处理
                v = s.toUShort(&ok, 16);
                if (!ok)
                {
                    QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请输入正确的十六进制值（0-FFFF），或检查逗号格式");
                    return;
                }
            }
            values.append(v);
        }

        //配置从站参数
        quint16 stationAddress = ui->lineEdit_stationAddress->text().toInt();
        quint16 functionCode = 0x10;
        quint16 stratAddress = ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt();
        quint16 length = ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt();

        //判断输入数据长度与设置的长度是否一致
        if (values.size() != length)
        {
            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "输入数据数与设置的长度不匹配");
            return;
        }
        //将从站参数传入modbus中
        modbus->Set(stationAddress,functionCode,stratAddress,length);
        modbus->WriteRegister(values);  //使用WriteRegister方法生成命令报文

        serialComm->sendData(modbus->SendCommand());  //发送生成的命令报文
        //锁定按钮
        ui->btn_read->setEnabled(0);
        ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(0);

        break;
    }
    default:
    {
        //若当前操作设置错误则进行提示
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请将“操作”切换为写线圈或写寄存器");
        break;
    }

    }
}

//发送读线圈和寄存器报文
void Widget::on_btn_read_clicked()
{
    //若当前操作设置错误则进行提示
    if (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 2 ||
            ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 3)
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请将“操作”切换为读线圈或读寄存器");
        return;
    }
    //设置从站参数
    quint16 stationAddress = ui->lineEdit_stationAddress->text().toInt();
    quint16 functionCode;
    quint16 stratAddress = ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt();
    quint16 length = ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt();
    if (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 0)  //读线圈
    {
        functionCode = 0x01;
    }
    else if(ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 1)  //读寄存器
    {
        functionCode = 0x03;
    }

    //将从站参数传入modbus中
    modbus->Set(stationAddress,functionCode,stratAddress,length);
    modbus->ReadCoilAndReg();    //使用ReadCoilAndReg方法生成命令报文

    serialComm->sendData(modbus->SendCommand());  //发送生成的命令报文
    //锁定按钮
    ui->btn_read->setEnabled(0);
    ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(0);

}

//保存通信历史数据
void Widget::on_btn_SaveDate_clicked()
{
    SaveDate(this,ui->textEdit_2);
}

//读取通信历史数据
void Widget::on_btn_ReadDate_clicked()
{
    ReadDate(this,ui->textEdit_2);
}

//清空状态通知文本框中的信息
void Widget::on_btn_ClearDate_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit_2->clear();
}

//清空数据读取文本框中的信息
void Widget::on_btn_ClearRead_clicked()
{
    ui->textEdit->clear();
}

//处理接收到的返回报文
void Widget::onSerialDataReceived(const QByteArray &data)
{
    QByteArray revMessage = modbus->Receive(data);  // 接收的原始数据交给Modbus解析
    // 启用操作按钮
    ui->btn_read->setEnabled(true);
    ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(true);
    if (revMessage.isEmpty())     //若modbus检测响应报文格式错误则丢弃数据，返回值为空
    {
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "返回报文站地址或CRC校验错误，请重试");
        return;
    }

    //显示接收到的响应报文
    ui->textEdit_2->append("接收报文：" + revMessage.toHex().toUpper());

    // 检查响应报文中是否带有错误码
    int exCode = modbus->ErrorCheck();
    if (exCode)
    {
        QString errorMsg;
        switch (exCode) {
        case 0x01: errorMsg = "非法功能码"; break;
        case 0x02: errorMsg = "非法数据地址"; break;
        case 0x03: errorMsg = "非法数据值"; break;
        case 0x04: errorMsg = "从站设备故障"; break;
        default: errorMsg = "未知异常"; break;
        }
        QMessageBox::warning(this, "异常响应",
                             QString("错误码: 0x%1（%2）").arg(QString::number(exCode, 16).toUpper(), errorMsg));
        return;
    }

    // 解析并显示数据（根据功能码）
    switch (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex())
    {
    case 0:
    {  // 读线圈
        QVector<bool> coils = modbus->AnalReadCoil();  //使用AnalReadCoil方法解析线圈数据
        ui->textEdit->append("线圈状态：");
        for (int i = 0; i < coils.size(); i++)
        {
            ui->textEdit->append(QString("线圈%1: %2").arg(i+1).arg(coils[i] ? "1" : "0"));
        }
        break;
    }
    case 1:
    {  // 读寄存器
        QVector<quint16> regs = modbus->AnalReadReg();  //使用AnalReadReg方法解析寄存器数据
        ui->textEdit->append("寄存器值：");
        for (int i = 0; i < regs.size(); i++)
        {
            ui->textEdit->append(QString("寄存器%1: %2").arg(i+1).arg(regs[i]));
        }
        break;
    }
    }
}

//显示串口状态
void Widget::onSerialStatusChanged(const QString &status)
{
    ui->textEdit_2->append(status);  // 显示状态信息（如连接成功、超时重发等）
}

//超过超时重发次数后触发
void Widget::onSerialTimeout()
{
    QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "等待响应超时，请检查设备");
    ui->btn_read->setEnabled(true);
    ui->pushWrite->setEnabled(true);
}