CRC校验和对报文的处理

modbus.pro.user

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <!DOCTYPE QtCreatorProject>
-<!-- Written by QtCreator 4.0.3, 2025-07-24T09:24:34. -->
+<!-- Written by QtCreator 4.0.3, 2025-07-24T14:53:28. -->
 <qtcreator>
  <data>
   <variable>EnvironmentId</variable>

widget.cpp

@@ -4,6 +4,9 @@
 #include <QDebug>
 #include <QSerialPort>
 #include <QByteArray>
+#include <QString>
+#include <QVector>
+#include <QMessageBox>
 #include "crc.h"
 
 Widget::Widget(QWidget *parent) :
@@ -69,6 +72,7 @@ void Widget::on_btnConnect_clicked()
     else
     {
         serialPort->close();
+        qDebug() << "Serial close";
         ui->btnConnect->setText("连接");
     }
 
@@ -76,11 +80,106 @@ void Widget::on_btnConnect_clicked()
 
 void Widget::on_pushWrite_clicked()
 {
-    const char *sendData = ui->lineEdit->text().toStdString().c_str();
-    serialPort->write(sendData);
+    switch (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex())
+    {
+    case (2):   //写多个线圈
+    {
+    QString sendData = ui->lineEdit->text().trimmed();
+    if (sendData.isEmpty()) return;
+
+    for (QChar ch : sendData) {
+        if (ch != '0' && ch != '1') {
+            QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "只允许输入 0 或 1！");
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    QVector<bool> coils;
+    for (QChar ch : sendData)
+    {
+        coils.append(ch == '1');
+    }
+
+    quint16 coilCount = coils.size();
+
+    QByteArray SendCommand;  //要发送的报文
+    SendCommand.append(ui->comboBox_stationAddress->currentText().toInt()%256);  //加入站地址
+    SendCommand.append(0x0f);
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()/256);  //加入起始地址
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()%256);
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()/256);        //加入长度
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()%256);
+
+    int byteCount = (coilCount + 7) / 8;
+
+    SendCommand.append(byteCount);      //字节数
+    for (int i = 0; i < byteCount; ++i)
+    {
+        quint8 byte = 0;
+        for (int j = 0; j < 8; ++j)
+        {
+            int bitIndex = i * 8 + j;
+            if (bitIndex < coils.size() && coils[bitIndex])
+                byte |= (1 << j);
+        }
+        SendCommand.append(static_cast<char>(byte));
+    }
+
+
+    quint16 temp = calculateCrc(SendCommand);  //计算crc
+
+    SendCommand.append(temp%256);  //加入计算的crc值
+    SendCommand.append(temp/256);
+
+    serialPort->write(SendCommand);
     qDebug() << "SenOk" <<sendData;
+    }
+    case 3:
+    {
+        QString sendData = ui->lineEdit->text().trimmed();
+        if (sendData.isEmpty()) return;
+
+        QStringList sl = sendData.split(',');
+        QVector<quint16> values;
+        bool ok;
+        for (const QString &s : sl)
+        {
+            quint16 v = s.toUShort(&ok, 16);
+            if (!ok)
+            {
+                QMessageBox::warning(this, "提示", "请输入正确的十六进制值！");
+                return;
+            }
+            values.append(v);
+        }
+
+        QByteArray SendCommand;  //要发送的报文
+        SendCommand.append(ui->comboBox_stationAddress->currentText().toInt()%256);  //加入站地址
+        SendCommand.append(0x10);
+        SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()/256);  //加入起始地址
+        SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()%256);
+        SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()/256);        //加入长度
+        SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()%256);
+        SendCommand.append(static_cast<char>(values.size() * 2));
+        for (quint16 v : values)
+        {
+            SendCommand.append(static_cast<char>((v >> 8) & 0xFF));
+            SendCommand.append(static_cast<char>(v & 0xFF));
+        }
+
+        quint16 temp = calculateCrc(SendCommand);  //计算crc
+
+        SendCommand.append(temp%256);  //加入计算的crc值
+        SendCommand.append(temp/256);
+
+        serialPort->write(SendCommand);
+        qDebug() << "SenOk" <<sendData;
+    }
+
+    }
 }
 
+
 void Widget::on_SerialData_ReadyToRead()
 {
     QByteArray revMessage = serialPort->readAll();
@@ -88,30 +187,113 @@ void Widget::on_SerialData_ReadyToRead()
     qDebug() << hexData;
     ui->textEdit->append(hexData);
 
+    //对接收的报文进行CRC校验
+    QByteArray payload = revMessage.left(revMessage.length() - 2);
+
+    //分离接收值的crc校验位
+    quint8 receivedCrcLow = static_cast<quint8>(revMessage.at(revMessage.length() - 2));
+    quint8 receivedCrcHigh = static_cast<quint8>(revMessage.at(revMessage.length() - 1));
+
+    //计算返回的报文的crc
+    quint16 crc = calculateCrc(payload);
+    quint8 calcCrcLow = crc & 0xFF;
+    quint8 calcCrcHigh = (crc >> 8) & 0xFF;
+
+    //比较计算的crc值和接收到的crc值是否一致
+    if(calcCrcLow == receivedCrcLow && calcCrcHigh == receivedCrcHigh)
+    {
+        qDebug() << "接收成功";
+        switch (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex())
+        {
+        //解析读线圈的返回报文
+        case 0:
+        {
+            quint8 byteCount = static_cast<quint8>(revMessage[2]);
+
+            for (int byteIndex = 0; byteIndex < byteCount; byteIndex++)
+            {
+                quint8 byteValue = static_cast<quint8>(revMessage[3 + byteIndex]);
+
+                // 解析每个字节的8个位
+                for (int bitIndex = 0; bitIndex < 8; bitIndex++)
+                {
+                    int coilIndex = byteIndex * 8 + bitIndex;
+                    if (coilIndex < ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt())
+                    {
+                        bool state = byteValue & (1 << bitIndex);
+                        qDebug() << coilIndex <<" " << state;
+                        ui->textEdit->append("线圈"+QString::number(coilIndex+1)+":"+QString::number(state));
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        //解析读寄存器的返回报文
+        case 1:
+        {
+            if (revMessage.size() >= 5 && revMessage.at(1) == 0x03)
+            {
+                int byteCount = revMessage.at(2);
+                QByteArray data = revMessage.mid(3, byteCount);
+
+                QVector<quint16> registers;
+                for (int i = 0; i < data.size(); i += 2)
+                {
+                    quint16 value = (static_cast<quint8>(data[i]) << 8) | static_cast<quint8>(data[i+1]);
+                    registers.append(value);
+                }
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < registers.size(); i++)
+                {
+                    qDebug() << "Register value:" << registers.at(i);
+                    ui->textEdit->append("寄存器"+QString::number(i)+":"+QString::number(registers.at(i)));
+                }
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        case 2:
+        {
+
+            if (revMessage.at(1) == '\x8f')
+            {
+                quint8 exCode = revMessage.at(2);
+                qDebug() << "异常响应，异常码 =" << exCode;
+                return;
+            }
+        }
+
+
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        qDebug() << "接收失败";
+    }
 }
 
+//发送读线圈和寄存器报文
 void Widget::on_btn_read_clicked()
 {
-    QByteArray SendCommand;
-    SendCommand.append(ui->comboBox_stationAddress->currentText().toInt()%256);
-    if (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 0)
+    QByteArray SendCommand;  //要发送的报文
+    SendCommand.append(ui->comboBox_stationAddress->currentText().toInt()%256);  //加入站地址
+    if (ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 0)  //读线圈
     {
         SendCommand.append(0x01);
     }
-    else if(ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 1)
+    else if(ui->comboBox_gongnengma->currentIndex() == 1)  //读寄存器
     {
         SendCommand.append(0x03);
     }
-    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()/256);
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()/256);  //加入起始地址
     SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_stratAddress->text().toInt()%256);
-    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()/256);
+    SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()/256);        //加入长度
     SendCommand.append(ui->lineEdit_length->text().toInt()%256);
 
-    quint16 temp = calculateCrc(SendCommand);
+    quint16 temp = calculateCrc(SendCommand);  //计算crc
 
-    SendCommand.append(temp%256);
+    SendCommand.append(temp%256);  //加入计算的crc值
     SendCommand.append(temp/256);
 
     qDebug() << SendCommand.toHex();
-    serialPort->write(SendCommand);
+    serialPort->write(SendCommand);  //发送报文
 }

widget.ui

@@ -140,8 +140,8 @@
   <widget class="QPushButton" name="btnConnect">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
-     <x>480</x>
-     <y>30</y>
+     <x>340</x>
+     <y>60</y>
      <width>93</width>
      <height>28</height>
     </rect>
@@ -224,200 +224,190 @@
   <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
-     <x>420</x>
-     <y>70</y>
-     <width>231</width>
-     <height>21</height>
+     <x>340</x>
+     <y>250</y>
+     <width>301</width>
+     <height>31</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QPushButton" name="pushWrite">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
-     <x>660</x>
-     <y>60</y>
+     <x>340</x>
+     <y>290</y>
      <width>93</width>
      <height>28</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="text">
-    <string>发送</string>
+    <string>写</string>
    </property>
   </widget>
   <widget class="QTextEdit" name="textEdit">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>420</x>
-     <y>100</y>
-     <width>251</width>
-     <height>151</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QLabel" name="label_10">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>70</x>
-     <y>150</y>
-     <width>21</width>
-     <height>16</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-   <property name="text">
-    <string>读</string>
-   </property>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_stationAddress">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>92</x>
-     <y>120</y>
-     <width>61</width>
-     <height>21</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>1</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>2</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>3</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>4</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>5</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>6</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>7</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>8</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>9</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QLabel" name="label_9">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>40</x>
-     <y>120</y>
-     <width>45</width>
-     <height>16</height>
+     <y>170</y>
+     <width>251</width>
+     <height>271</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
-   <property name="text">
-    <string>站地址</string>
-   </property>
   </widget>
-  <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_length">
+  <widget class="QPushButton" name="btn_read">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>90</x>
-     <y>210</y>
-     <width>51</width>
-     <height>21</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-   <property name="text">
-    <string>00</string>
-   </property>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_stratAddress">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>100</x>
-     <y>180</y>
-     <width>51</width>
-     <height>21</height>
+     <y>460</y>
+     <width>93</width>
+     <height>28</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="text">
-    <string>00</string>
+    <string>读</string>
    </property>
   </widget>
-  <widget class="QLabel" name="label_12">
+  <widget class="QWidget" name="layoutWidget">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
      <x>40</x>
-     <y>210</y>
-     <width>41</width>
-     <height>16</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-   <property name="text">
-    <string>长度</string>
-   </property>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QLabel" name="label_11">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>30</x>
-     <y>180</y>
-     <width>71</width>
-     <height>16</height>
-    </rect>
-   </property>
-   <property name="text">
-    <string>起始地址</string>
-   </property>
-  </widget>
-  <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_gongnengma">
-   <property name="geometry">
-    <rect>
-     <x>90</x>
-     <y>150</y>
-     <width>61</width>
-     <height>21</height>
+     <y>115</y>
+     <width>672</width>
+     <height>23</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>线圈</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
-   <item>
-    <property name="text">
-     <string>寄存器</string>
-    </property>
-   </item>
+   <layout class="QHBoxLayout" name="horizontalLayout">
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLabel" name="label_9">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>站地址</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_stationAddress">
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>1</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>2</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>3</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>4</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>5</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>6</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>7</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>8</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>9</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLabel" name="label_10">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>对象</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QComboBox" name="comboBox_gongnengma">
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>读线圈</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>读寄存器</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>写线圈</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+      <item>
+       <property name="text">
+        <string>写寄存器</string>
+       </property>
+      </item>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLabel" name="label_11">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>起始地址</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_stratAddress">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>00</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLabel" name="label_12">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>长度</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+    <item>
+     <widget class="QLineEdit" name="lineEdit_length">
+      <property name="text">
+       <string>00</string>
+      </property>
+     </widget>
+    </item>
+   </layout>
   </widget>
-  <widget class="QPushButton" name="btn_read">
+  <widget class="QLabel" name="label_13">
    <property name="geometry">
     <rect>
-     <x>40</x>
-     <y>260</y>
-     <width>93</width>
-     <height>28</height>
+     <x>340</x>
+     <y>160</y>
+     <width>311</width>
+     <height>91</height>
     </rect>
    </property>
    <property name="text">
-    <string>读</string>
+    <string>写线圈时，使用1、0代表线圈的开关，
+从左到右依次输入每个线圈的开关；
+写寄存器时，每个寄存器的值用16进制表示，
+相邻寄存器的值之间用&quot;,&quot;分离。</string>
    </property>
   </widget>
  </widget>