commit dac353a252561a81d7c288436cfd81a6ae10755f Author: zhangyongpan Date: Fri Jul 11 15:43:52 2025 +0800 张永攀推送 diff --git a/张永攀/IAR/IAR.md b/张永攀/IAR/IAR.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..68fbfe0 --- /dev/null +++ b/张永攀/IAR/IAR.md @@ -0,0 +1,233 @@ +# IAR相关知识点 + +## 工程操作 + +### 各类型文件含义 + +- **.eww**：Embedded Workbench Workspace（嵌入式工作台工作空间文件） + 用于管理多个工程（.ewp 文件）的集合，记录工程的组织方式和打开状态。 +- **.ewp**：Embedded Workbench Project（嵌入式工作台工程文件） + 是 IAR 项目的核心文件，包含工程的配置信息（如编译选项、目标芯片、文件列表等）。 +- **.ewd**：Embedded Workbench Debugger Configuration（嵌入式工作台调试器配置文件） + 存储调试相关的设置，如断点、监视变量、调试器连接参数等。 +- **.c**：C Source File（C 语言源文件） + 通用的 C 语言源代码文件，并非 IAR 专属，所有 C 语言开发环境均可识别。 +- **.dep**：Dependency File（依赖文件） + 记录源文件之间的依赖关系（如头文件引用），用于编译系统判断文件是否需要重新编译。 +- **.ewt**：Embedded Workbench Template（嵌入式工作台模板文件） + 用于存储工程或文件的模板配置，方便快速创建具有相同设置的新项目。 +- **.s** 或 **.asm**：Assembly Source File（汇编源文件） + 包含汇编语言代码，用于编写对性能要求极高或直接操作硬件的程序段。 +- **.h**：Header File（头文件） + 存储函数原型、宏定义和类型声明，用于在多个源文件间共享接口定义。 +- **.out**：Output File（输出文件） + 编译链接后生成的中间文件，通常包含可执行代码和符号信息，可用于进一步处理。 + +### 新建/打开工作区 + +![image-20250708105919518](./pictures/image-20250708105919518.png) + +### 新建/打开工程 + +![image-20250708110035222](./pictures/image-20250708110035222.png) + +### 工作区中导入/添加工程 + +![image-20250708111507961](./pictures/image-20250708111507961.png) + +### 新建分组 + +![image-20250708121915830](./pictures/image-20250708121915830.png) + +### 新建/打开文件 + +![image-20250708122510344](./pictures/image-20250708122510344.png) + +### 工程目录与文件目录的关系 + +工程目录就是像linux里面的软连接，实际文件还是存在他自己的地方， + +## 工程配置 + +在工程文件中选择右键 选择`options`->`General options`->`target`->`Device`选择自己电脑所用的架构 + +![image-20250708130710152](./pictures/image-20250708130710152.png) + +## 编译配置 + +### 优化等级 + +选择上述图片里面的`C/C++ Compiler`->`Optimizations` [说明地址](https://www.bmrtech.com/Tech/tech_show/50.html) + +![image-20250708131625603](./pictures/image-20250708131625603.png) + +### 硬件浮点 + +![image-20250708132202198](./pictures/image-20250708132202198.png) + +### 预处理 + +选择`options`->`C/C++ Compiler`->`preprocessor` + +![image-20250710184018484](./pictures/image-20250710184018484.png) + +### 链接文件 + +选择`options`->`Linker`->`linker configuration file` 链接脚本控制内存分配（Flash/ROM、RAM 布局）关键硬件相关文件 + +![image-20250708133445445](./pictures/image-20250708133445445.png) + + + +### 文件路径配置 + +选择`options`->`C/C++ Compiler`->`preprocessor` + +![image-20250710184547839](./pictures/image-20250710184547839.png) + +### 输出文件配置 + +选择`options`->`Output Converter`选择生成的文件格式和文件名称 + +![image-20250708133903502](./pictures/image-20250708133903502.png) + +### 输出文件路径配置 + +点击`options`>`General Optons`>`Output` + +![image-20250710184648034](./pictures/image-20250710184648034.png) + +## 调试器配置 + +选择`options`->`Debugger`选择要烧录进单片机的方式 + +![image-20250708134300137](./pictures/image-20250708134300137.png) + +## 库相关配置 + +`options`->`General options`->`Liabrary Configuration` + +![image-20250708134436504](./pictures/image-20250708134436504.png) + +## 静态库的封装 + +创建一个项目，编写好函数，右键项目`options`->`General options`->`Output`选择生成的文件是Library + +![image-20250710091818054](./pictures/image-20250710091818054.png) + + + +2. 如果要屏蔽不想生成的文件可以把`Exclude from build` + +![image-20250710092312114](./pictures/image-20250710092312114.png) + +3. 选择生成的路径 + +![image-20250710185020725](./pictures/image-20250710185020725.png) + +4. 编译生成 + +![image-20250710185213899](./pictures/image-20250710185213899.png) + +## 静态库的调用 + +1. 配置静态库的路径 + +点击`Options`>`Linker `选择静态库的路径 + +![image-20250710185351540](./pictures/image-20250710185351540.png) + +2. 编写代码验证 + +![image-20250710185636976](./pictures/image-20250710185636976.png) + +## 工程调试 + + + +### 断点 + +#### 设置断点，删除断点 + +在侧边栏直接点一下出现红点即代表添加断点成功，再点一点即可取消断点 + +![image-20250710093412062](./pictures/image-20250710093412062.png) + +#### 禁用断点，启用断点 + +左键断点选择`Enable/disable Breakpoint` + +![image-20250710093743862](./pictures/image-20250710093743862.png) + +#### 条件断点 + +右键断点选中`Edit Breakpoint` + +![image-20250710094113043](./pictures/image-20250710094113043.png) + +设置i == 5触发断点 + +![image-20250710094231504](./pictures/image-20250710094231504.png) + +当i == 5时命中断点 + +![image-20250710094730465](./pictures/image-20250710094730465.png) + +### 监控信息 + +点击`View`>`Watch` + +![image-20250710094911134](./pictures/image-20250710094911134.png) + +### 寄存器信息 + +点击`View`>`Register` + +![image-20250710095007025](./pictures/image-20250710095007025.png) + +### 内存信息 + +点击`View`>`Memory` + +![image-20250710095042138](./pictures/image-20250710095042138.png) + +### 栈信息 + +点击`View`>`Stack` + +![image-20250710095309962](./pictures/image-20250710095309962.png) + +### 汇编信息 + +点击`View`>`Disassembly` + +![image-20250710095421681](./pictures/image-20250710095421681.png) + +### 调用堆栈信息 + +点击`View`>`Call Stack` + +![image-20250710095527566](./pictures/image-20250710095527566.png) + + + +![image-20250710095633035](./pictures/image-20250710095633035.png) + +### 单步调试 + +#### 逐过程 + +![image-20250710095744008](./pictures/image-20250710095744008.png) + +#### 逐语句 + +![image-20250710095806305](./pictures/image-20250710095806305.png) + +#### 复位 + +![image-20250710095819062](./pictures/image-20250710095819062.png) + +#### 跳出 + +![image-20250710095832140](./pictures/image-20250710095832140.png) + diff --git a/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708105919518.png b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708105919518.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3b60d97 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708105919518.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708110035222.png b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708110035222.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6ce23ea Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708110035222.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708111507961.png b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708111507961.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..892a0ff Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708111507961.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250708121915830.png 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0000000..82a2a66 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/IAR/pictures/image-20250710185636976.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/Library/Library.md b/张永攀/Library/Library.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d14016c --- /dev/null +++ b/张永攀/Library/Library.md @@ -0,0 +1,281 @@ +# 库相关知识点 +## 静态库 +### 静态库的基本概念 + +静态库（Static Library）是一种预先编译好的程序代码集合，以独立文件形式存在，供其他程序在编译时链接使用。它将多个目标文件（.o 或 .obj）打包为单一文件，简化了程序开发和部署流程。 + +### 核心特点 + +1. **编译时链接** + 链接器在编译阶段将静态库中的代码完整复制到可执行文件中，运行时无需依赖外部库文件。 +2. **独立性** + 生成的可执行文件不依赖外部库，便于在不同环境中部署，但会导致文件体积增大。 +3. **格式差异** + - **Windows**：通常以 `.lib` 为扩展名 + - **Unix/Linux/macOS**：使用 `.a`（archive）扩展名 + +### 静态库的生成 + +使用vs2022选择`C++`的`静态库`创建 + +![image-20250709185110253](./pictures/image-20250709185110253.png) + +写完代码，点击生成即可生产`.lab`文件 + +![image-20250709190120328](./pictures/image-20250709190120328.png) + +![image-20250709190224585](./pictures/image-20250709190224585.png) + +### 静态库的调用 + +#### 在工程配置中调用 + +1. 配置静态库的头文件选择`属性`>`C/C++`>`附加包含目录`将头文件目录配置上去 + +![image-20250709191548096](./pictures/image-20250709191548096.png) + +2. 配置静态库的所在位置,选择`属性`>`链接器`>`常规`>`附加库目录`配置其所在路径 + +![image-20250709191834414](./pictures/image-20250709191834414.png) + +3. 配置静态库的所在位置,选择`属性`>`链接器`>`输入`>`附加依赖项`配置其名字 + +![image-20250709192153729](./pictures/image-20250709192153729.png) + +4. 可以直接使用`#include ` + +![image-20250709192522012](./pictures/image-20250709192522012.png) + +#### 在代码中语句加载lib调用 + +先把需要引用的头文件还有`.lib`文件放在一起 + +```C++ +//第一行是引用头文件 +//第二行是引用静态库 +#include "C:\\Users\\徐加冠\\source\\repos\\LabTest\\x64\\Debug\\StaticLib.h" +#pragma comment(lib,"C:\\Users\\徐加冠\\source\\repos\\LabTest\\x64\\Debug\\StaticLib.lib") +``` + +![image-20250709191259138](./pictures/image-20250709191259138.png) + +## 动态库 +### 动态库的基本概念 + +动态库（Dynamic Library）是一种在程序运行时才被链接和加载的共享库文件，包含可被多个程序同时使用的代码和数据。与静态库（Static Library）在编译时被完整嵌入到可执行文件中不同，动态库在运行时才被动态加载到内存，实现代码复用并减少内存占用。 + +### 核心特点 + +1. **共享加载**：多个程序可共享同一份动态库实例，减少内存开销。 +2. **运行时链接**：程序启动时才加载动态库，而非编译时，提高开发灵活性。 +3. **独立更新**：动态库可独立于程序更新，无需重新编译整个程序。 +4. 跨平台差异： + - Windows：以 `.dll`（Dynamic Link Library）为扩展名。 + - Linux/macOS：以 `.so`（Shared Object）或 `.dylib`（Dynamic Library）为扩展名。 + +### 动态库的生成 + +#### 通过导出语句生成 + +1. 使用vs2022选择动态链接库创建空项目 + +![image-20250710102828844](./pictures/image-20250710102828844.png) + +2. 分别添加头文件和源文件 + +头文件的导出语句 + +```C++ +#pragma once + +#ifndef BHDLL_d +#define BHDLL_d + +//宏定义导出 +#ifdef BHDLL__//如果没有定义DLLH 就定义 DLLH __declspec(dllexport) +#define BHDLL __declspec(dllexport)//导出 +#else +#define BHDLL __declspec(dllimport)//导入 +#endif // DLLH__//如果没有定义DLLH 就定义 DLLH + +//编写代码区域 + +//导出函数 + +BHDLL int add(int a, int b); +BHDLL int sub(int a, int b); + +//导出类 + +class BHDLL dllH +{ +public: + int mul(int a, int b); + int div(int a, int b); +}; + +//以C语言方式导出函数： +extern "C" +{ + BHDLL int Cadd(int a, int b); + BHDLL int Csub(int a, int b); +} + + + +#endif +``` + +源文件代码 + +```C++ +#include "BH_dll.h" +#include + +using namespace std; + +int add(int a, int b) +{ + return a + b; +} +int sub(int a, int b) +{ + return a - b; +} + +int dllH::mul(int a, int b) +{ + return a * b; +} +int dllH::div(int a, int b) +{ + return a / b; +} + +int Cadd(int a, int b) +{ + return a + b; +} +int Csub(int a, int b) +{ + return a - b; +} +``` + +3. 修改项目属性改为dll动态库 + +![image-20250710103417243](./pictures/image-20250710103417243.png) + +点击重新生成，即可生成动态链接库 + +![image-20250710103520461](./pictures/image-20250710103520461.png) + + + +#### 通过模块文件生成 + +1. 使用vs2022创建一个空项目 + +![image-20250710104736756](./pictures/image-20250710104736756.png) + +2. 创建一个源文件 + +```C++ +#include "iostream" +void fun1() +{ + std::cout << "fun1" << std::endl; +} +void fun2() +{ + std::cout << "fun2" << std::endl; +} + +``` + +3. 创建一个edf配置文件 + +```edf +LIBRARY "test" + +EXPORTS +fun1 +fun2 +``` + +4. 修改项目的生成为.dll和输出的名字和上面`LIBRARY "test"`定义的名字要一致 + +![image-20250710105048084](./pictures/image-20250710105048084.png) + +5. 定义模块文件的位置点击`链接器`>`输入`>`模块定义文件` + +![image-20250710195629035](./pictures/image-20250710195629035.png) + +6. 点击重新生成就可以生成 + +![image-20250710105215199](./pictures/image-20250710105215199.png) + + + +### 动态库的调用 + +#### 在工程配置中调用 + +1. 点击项目属性配置其`C\C++`>`附加包含目录`，改成需要调用dll所在目录 + +![image-20250710123819771](./pictures/image-20250710123819771.png) + +2. 点击`链接器`>`常规`>`附加库目录` + +![image-20250710124000084](./pictures/image-20250710124000084.png) + +3. 点击`链接器`>`输入`>`附加依赖项`输入调用名字 + +![image-20250710124140907](./pictures/image-20250710124140907.png) + +4. 运行代码时需要把dll放在exe同文件夹下，不然会报错 + +![image-20250710124556617](./pictures/image-20250710124556617.png) + +5. 放在相同目录下运行成功 + +![image-20250710124711322](./pictures/image-20250710124711322.png) + + + +#### 在代码中语句加载lib调用 + +```C++ +#include "D:\\桌面\\x64\\Debug\\DllMy.h" +#pragma comment(lib,"D:\\桌面\\x64\\Debug\\DllMy.lib") +``` + + + +![image-20250710125301402](./pictures/image-20250710125301402.png) + + + +#### 在代码中语句加载dll调用 + +```C++ +HINSTANCE Dll = LoadLibrary(L"test.dll"); +if (Dll == NULL) { + std::cerr << "无法加载DLL! 错误码: " << GetLastError() << std::endl; + return 1; +} +typedef void (*Func)(); // 定义函数指针类型 +Func add = (Func)GetProcAddress(Dll, "fun1"); +add(); +FreeLibrary(Dll); +return 0; +``` + +![image-20250710130734676](./pictures/image-20250710130734676.png) + + + +ps：如果使用导出语句生成的dll，dll内部的函数名称和你定义的不一样，如果使用edf文件导出可以自定义函数名称 + + + diff --git a/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709185110253.png b/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709185110253.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5b10503 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709185110253.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709190120328.png b/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709190120328.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b410f9f Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709190120328.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709190224585.png b/张永攀/Library/pictures/image-20250709190224585.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..75a54dc 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Part A +2. Part B +3. Part C + + + +## 标号嵌套 + +回车之后按一个tab + +### 有序嵌套有序 + +1. Part A +2. Part B + 1. part B.A + 2. Part B.B + +3. Part C + 1. Part C.A + 2. Part C.B + 1. Part C.B.A + 2. Part C.B.B +4. Part D + +### 无序嵌套无序 + +* 水果 + * 苹果 + * 香蕉 + * 西瓜 +* 蔬菜 + * 根茎类 + * 土豆 + * 马铃薯 + * 胡萝卜 + * 叶子类 + * 芹菜 + * 菠菜 + * 青菜 + +### 有序嵌套无序 + +1. 一级标题 + +2. 二级标题 + + * 子项 1 + + * 子项 2 + + 1. 子子项 1 + + + 子子项 2 + +3. 三级标题 + +4. 四级标题 + + + +# 文字相关 + +## 加粗 + +格式为 *\*加粗的信息** 两个星号包裹起来 + +这个是**加粗的信息** + +## 倾斜 + +格式为\*倾斜的信息\* 一个星号包裹起来 + +这个是*倾斜的信息* + +## 加粗和倾斜 + +格式为\*\*\*倾斜的信息\*\*\* 三个个星号包裹起来 + +这个是***加粗和倾斜的信息*** + +# 代码块 + + + +## 单行代码块 + +使用反引号（`）将代码包围起来。 + +这是一个示例代码`Console.Write("Hello, world");` + + + +## 多行代码块 + +- 用三个反引号（\`\`\`）包裹代码，可在起始符号后指定编程语言（如`C#`）以开启语法高亮。 + +```C# +using System; + +namespace HelloWorld +{ + class Program + { + static void Main(string[] args) + { + Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!"); + } + } +} +``` + + + +# 超链接 + +## 文字超链接 + +* 行内式超链接 + +语法格式为`[链接文本](链接地址)`。 + +这是一个示例[百度](https://www.baidu.com) + +* 参考式超链接 + +另外一种格式`[链接文本](链接地址)` 后面在定义一个`[链接标识符]: 链接地址` + +先定义[tencent - cloud]: https://cloud.tencent.com 这个定义可以定义在任何地方 + +在使用 + +[腾讯云][tencent - cloud] + +* 自动链接 + +直接使用尖括号`<>`包裹 URL， + +百度网址 + + + +## 图片超链接 + +格式为`[![错误显示](可以是本地地址也可以是远程地址)](跳转的地址)` + +[![mark](https://markdown-here.com/img/icon256.png)](https://markdown-here.com/) + + + + + +## 页面内跳转 + +**使用 HTML 锚点标签**：在跳转目标位置添加 HTML 标签并设置`id`属性，例如`

目标章节

`。然后在跳转链接处使用`href`指向这个`id`，链接格式为`[跳转到目标章节](#target - section)`。渲染成 HTML 后，点击 “跳转到目标章节” 就会跳转到相应标题处。 + +[点击跳转到目标章节](#target-section) + +[回到顶部](#top) + +**直接定义**：语法 `[文字描述](#跳转的标题)` + +[标号嵌套](#标号嵌套) + +# 其他 + +## 分割线 + +- 用三个或以上的 `-`（短横线）、`*`（星号）或 `+`（加号），并单独占一行。 + +*** + +--- + ++++ + +___ + +## 图片 + +格式为`![错误显示](可以是本地地址也可以是远程地址)` + +* 本地地址 + +![本地图片](./assets/icon256-1751871393146-5-1751871396237-7.png) + +* 远程地址 + +![mark](https://markdown-here.com/img/icon256.png) + +## 表格 + +```md +| 表头 | 表头 | +| ---- | ---- | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | + +| 左对齐 | 右对齐 | 居中对齐 | +| :-----| ----: | :----: | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | 单元格 | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | 单元格 | +``` + +| 表头1 | 表头2 | 表头三 | +| :----: | :----: | :----: | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | 单元格 | +| 单元格 | 单元格 | 单元格 | + +## 引用 + +引用使用`>`+ 你要引用的话 + +> 这是一行引用 + +多行引用直接依次书写，也可以引用图片，代码块，等等 + +> 这是引用 +> +> ```C# +> //引用代码块 +> Console.WriteLine("Hello, World!"); +> ``` +> +> * 标题一 +> * 标题二 +> * 标题三 + + + +# 路径 + + + +## 相对路径 + +就是直接根据当前md文件所在的目录开始 + +例子`./assets/icon256.png`; + +![图片](./assets/icon256.png) + +## 绝对路径 + +就是直接从C盘或者D盘开始 + +例子 + +![图片](./pictures/icon256.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5-1751871396237-7.png b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5-1751871396237-7.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..321ce68 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5-1751871396237-7.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5.png b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..321ce68 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256-1751871393146-5.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256.png b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..321ce68 Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/MarkDown/assets/icon256.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/MarkDown/pictures/icon256.png b/张永攀/MarkDown/pictures/icon256.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..321ce68 Binary files /dev/null and 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查看我们的工程所在文件夹以及文件夹下的文件 +* Symbol Window 窗口左侧 用于查看我们开启的文件以及文件内所包含的函数 +* Context Window窗口 左下 用于查看，函数中某个参数与函数的关系 +* Relation Window窗口 右下 用于查看函数以及参数所定义的位置 + +![image-20250708161934639](./pictures/image-20250708161934639.png) + +### 搜索引用 + +1. 模糊查找 + + 符号包括：函数、宏、数据类型等 + 1、查找本文件的符号 + 2、查找项目文件 + 3、查找项目符号 + 4、文件目录 + +![image-20250711081727965](./pictures/image-20250711081727965.png) + +2. 精确查找 + +`Search`->`Lookup References` 引用查找 + +![image-20250711081933389](./pictures/image-20250711081933389.png) + +3. 当前文件查找 + +`Search`->`Search` 在当前文件查找 + +![image-20250711082234185](./pictures/image-20250711082234185.png) diff --git a/张永攀/SourceInsight/pictures/image-20250708144042474.png b/张永攀/SourceInsight/pictures/image-20250708144042474.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5935aee Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/SourceInsight/pictures/image-20250708144042474.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/SourceInsight/pictures/image-20250708152237774.png b/张永攀/SourceInsight/pictures/image-20250708152237774.png new 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MathLibrary::Divide(double a, double b) { + if (b != 0) return a / b; + return 0.0; +} + +bool MathLibrary::IsPositive(int n) { + return n >= 0; +} + +bool MathLibrary::CheckRange(int a, int b) { + return (a > 0) && (b < 10); +} + +double MathLibrary::CalculateDiscount(int age, bool isMember) { + if (age < 18) + return isMember ? 0.25 : 0.20; + else + return isMember ? 0.15 : 0.10; +} +``` + +2. 以下时测试样例的书写 + +```C++ +#include "pch.h" +#include "CppUnitTest.h" +#include "MathLibrary.h" + +using namespace Microsoft::VisualStudio::CppUnitTestFramework; + +namespace UnitTestDemo +{ + TEST_CLASS(UnitTestDemo) + { + public: + + // 语句覆盖 + TEST_METHOD(Divide_ZeroDivisor1) { Assert::AreEqual(0.0, MathLibrary::Divide(4, 0)); } + TEST_METHOD(Divide_ZeroDivisor2) { Assert::AreEqual(0.0, MathLibrary::Divide(4, 0)); } + + // 分支覆盖 + TEST_METHOD(IsPositive_Positive1) { Assert::IsTrue(MathLibrary::IsPositive(5)); } + TEST_METHOD(IsPositive_Negative2) { Assert::IsFalse(MathLibrary::IsPositive(-5)); } + + // 条件覆盖 + TEST_METHOD(CheckRange_BothTrue1) { Assert::IsTrue(MathLibrary::CheckRange(5, 5)); } + TEST_METHOD(CheckRange_FirstFalse2) { Assert::IsFalse(MathLibrary::CheckRange(-5, 5)); } + TEST_METHOD(CheckRange_SecondFalse3) { Assert::IsFalse(MathLibrary::CheckRange(5, 15)); } + + // 路径覆盖 + TEST_METHOD(Discount_TeenMember1) { Assert::AreEqual(0.25, MathLibrary::CalculateDiscount(15, true)); } + TEST_METHOD(Discount_TeenNonMember2) { Assert::AreEqual(0.20, MathLibrary::CalculateDiscount(15, false)); } + TEST_METHOD(Discount_AdultMember3) { Assert::AreEqual(0.15, MathLibrary::CalculateDiscount(20, true)); } + TEST_METHOD(Discount_AdultNonMember4) { Assert::AreEqual(0.10, MathLibrary::CalculateDiscount(20, false)); } + + + }; +} +``` + +### 单元测试的调试 + +在需要调试的位置打上断点，右键点击`调试测试` + +![image-20250710135842421](./pictures/image-20250710135842421.png) + + + +![image-20250710135748248](./pictures/image-20250710135748248.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git 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打开vs2022，选择创建`新项目`，选择`控制台`项目 + +![image-20250709094808484](./pictures/image-20250709094808484.png) + +2. 给项目起一个名字 点击`创建` + +![image-20250709094954912](./pictures/image-20250709094954912.png) + +3. 创建成功的界面 + +![image-20250709095131841](./pictures/image-20250709095131841.png) + +#### 加载/卸载项目 + +1. **加载项目**：在资源管理器上右键选择`添加`>`现有项目`选择创建的C++的项目 + +![image-20250709095855890](./pictures/image-20250709095855890.png) + +资源管理器中已经有两个项目 + +![image-20250709100041991](./pictures/image-20250709100041991.png) + +2. **卸载项目**：右键所需要卸载的项目点击卸载项目 + +![image-20250709100156150](./pictures/image-20250709100156150.png) + +显示已经被卸载 + +![image-20250709100310479](./pictures/image-20250709100310479.png) + + + +ps：如果想要隐藏想要卸载的项目可以在资源管理器上右键选择`隐藏所卸载的项目` + +#### 设置启动项 + +想要那个项目作为启动项可以在这个项目上面右键选择`设置为启动项` + +![image-20250709100701091](./pictures/image-20250709100701091.png) + +### 解决方案相关 + +#### 添加项目 + +在解决方案上右键选择`添加`>`添加新建项`就会跳到创建项目界面，参考上面的[创建/打开项目](#创建/打开项目) + +![image-20250709101356150](./pictures/image-20250709101356150.png) + + + +### 文件相关 + +#### 创建/打开文件 + +![image-20250710193728183](./pictures/image-20250710193728183.png) + + + +#### 包括/排除文件 + +![image-20250710193746629](./pictures/image-20250710193746629.png) + + + +## 工程配置 + +### 解决方案配置 + +可以选中`Debug`和`Relase`版本 + +点击`属性`>`配置管理器`选择配置 + +![image-20250710193859886](./pictures/image-20250710193859886.png) + +### 平台配置 + +点击`属性`>`平台`可以选择x64和win32 + +![image-20250710182225697](./pictures/image-20250710182225697.png) + +### 项目类型配置 + +在需要配置的项目右键点击`属性`>`配置类型`可以选择exe和dll和lib + +![image-20250710182341784](./pictures/image-20250710182341784.png) + +### 路径配置 + +* 输出路径配置 + +点击`属性`>`常规`>`输出目录` + +![image-20250709122232508](./pictures/image-20250709122232508.png) + +* 头文件路径配置 + +![image-20250710182812661](./pictures/image-20250710182812661.png) + +* 源文件路径配置 + +![image-20250710185808699](./pictures/image-20250710185808699.png) + +* 库文件路径配置 + +![image-20250710185824334](./pictures/image-20250710185824334.png) + +### 宏定义 + +右键项目属性点击`C/C++`>`预生成器`>`点击预处理器定义` + +![image-20250709123345719](./pictures/image-20250709123345719.png) + +### 运行库配置 + +1. **多线程调试 (/MTd)** + - 静态链接调试版运行库，生成的可执行文件独立运行，但体积较大。 + - 适用于调试环境，无需依赖外部 DLL。 +2. **多线程 (/MT)** + - 静态链接发布版运行库，生成的文件同样独立运行，但不含调试信息。 + - 适用于发布版本，减小依赖。 +3. **多线程调试 DLL (/MDd)** + - 动态链接调试版运行库，依赖系统或项目目录中的调试 DLL（如 `msvcrtd.dll`）。 + - 适用于调试环境，减小可执行文件体积。 +4. **多线程 DLL (/MD)** + - 动态链接发布版运行库，依赖系统或项目目录中的发布 DLL（如 `msvcr120.dll`）。 + - 适用于发布版本，多个程序可共享同一 DLL。 + +![image-20250710185938310](./pictures/image-20250710185938310.png) + +### 调用库配置 + +1. 配置静态库的头文件选择`属性`>`C/C++`>`附加包含目录`将头文件目录配置上去 + +![image-20250709191548096](./pictures/image-20250709191548096.png) + +2. 配置静态库的所在位置,选择`属性`>`链接器`>`常规`>`附加库目录`配置其所在路径 + +![image-20250709191834414](./pictures/image-20250709191834414.png) + +3. 配置静态库的所在位置,选择`属性`>`链接器`>`输入`>`附加依赖项`配置其名字 + +![image-20250710190647504](./pictures/image-20250710190647504.png) + +### 安全检查 + +右键点击项目 > `属性` >`C/C++` >`代码生成`>`安全检查`选择是否启用 + +![image-20250710184417173](./pictures/image-20250710184417173.png) + +## 工程调试 + +### 断点 + +#### 断点创建 + +在最左侧侧边栏，出现红点就说明断点添加成功 + +![image-20250709130209401](./pictures/image-20250709130209401.png) + +#### 断点删除 + +再次点击断点，即可删除 + +#### 断点禁用，启用 + +右键断点，即可选择是否启动，禁用断点 + +![image-20250709130411051](./pictures/image-20250709130411051.png) + +#### 条件断点 + +右键断点选择条件断点，设置条件为`i == 5`，表示当i=5时才会命中断点 + +![image-20250709130839975](./pictures/image-20250709130839975.png) + +运行程序就会发现当输出5边时候会命中断点 + +![image-20250709131410721](./pictures/image-20250709131410721.png) + +## 窗口 + +### 监视窗口 + +点击上方`调试`>`窗口`>`监视` 可以选择监视窗口，也可以选择下方的自动窗口 + +![image-20250709133727219](./pictures/image-20250709133727219.png) + +### 内存窗口 + +点击上方`调试`>`窗口`>`内存` 可以选择 + +![image-20250709133920706](./pictures/image-20250709133920706.png) + +### 线程窗口 + +点击上方`调试`>`窗口`>`线程` 可以选择 + +![image-20250709134545386](./pictures/image-20250709134545386.png) + +### 调用堆栈窗口 + +点击上方`调试`>`窗口`>`调用堆栈` 可以选择 + +![image-20250709134732035](./pictures/image-20250709134732035.png) + +## 单步调试 + +### 全速运行 + +全速运行就是不命中断点，点击上方`调试`>`开始执行(不调试)`> + +![image-20250709135300740](./pictures/image-20250709135300740.png) + + + +### 重新运行 + +快捷站是`ctrl+shfit+F5` + +![image-20250709135437137](./pictures/image-20250709135437137.png) + +### 逐过程 + +快捷站是`F10` + +![image-20250709135530768](./pictures/image-20250709135530768.png) + +### 逐语句 + +快捷站是`F11` + +![image-20250709135551916](./pictures/image-20250709135551916.png) \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/张永攀/VisualStudio/pictures/image-20250709094808484.png b/张永攀/VisualStudio/pictures/image-20250709094808484.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b7662ea Binary files /dev/null and b/张永攀/VisualStudio/pictures/image-20250709094808484.png differ diff --git a/张永攀/VisualStudio/pictures/image-20250709094954912.png b/张永攀/VisualStudio/pictures/image-20250709094954912.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..3081703 Binary files /dev/null and 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+Git是一款免费、开源的分布式版本控制系统，用于敏捷高效地处理任何或小或大的项目。Git是一个开源的分布式版本控制系统，可以有效、高速的处理从很小到非常大的项目版本管理。Git 是 Linus Torvalds 为了帮助管理 Linux 内核开发而开发的一个开放源码的版本控制软件。 + +## 三个区域的概念 + +* 工作区 就是你平时存放项目代码的地方 +* 暂存区 用于临时存放你的改动，事实上它只是一个文件，保存即将提交到文件列表信息 +* 仓库区 存放已经提交的数据，push 的时候，就是把这个区的数据 push 到远程git仓库了。 + +## 仓库的概念 + +Git 仓库（Repository）是一个包含项目所有历史版本、元数据和配置信息的目录。它本质上是一个隐藏的`.git`文件夹（位于项目根目录下），其中存储了： + +- **对象数据库**：保存所有文件的内容快照、提交记录、分支信息等。 +- **引用（Refs）**：指向特定提交的指针，如分支（branches）、标签（tags）。 +- **配置文件**：存储仓库的设置（如远程仓库地址、用户信息）。 + +## 节点的概念 + +在 Git 中，节点通常指的是版本控制系统中的**提交对象（Commit）**，它是 Git 数据结构中的基本单元。每个提交节点代表项目历史中的一个版本快照，通过有向图的方式形成 Git 的提交历史。 + +## 分支的概念 + +**分支（Branch）** 是版本控制的核心机制之一，它允许你在不干扰主开发线的情况下，并行开发多个特性或修复 bug。 + + + +# SourceTree + +## SourceTree的概念 + +SourceTree 是一款由 Atlassian 公司开发的**免费 Git 图形化界面客户端**，旨在帮助开发者更直观、高效地管理 Git 版本控制系统。它通过可视化界面简化了 Git 命令行操作，让复杂的版本控制流程（如分支管理、提交、合并、冲突解决等）变得更易操作，尤其适合 Git 新手或偏好图形化操作的用户。 + +## 仓库相关操作 + +### 创建本地仓库 + +点击Create，选中文件夹创建仓库 + +![image-20250707164736795](./pictures/image-20250707164736795.png) + +### 打开本地仓库 + +点开上方资源管理器可以打开仓库 + +![image-20250707205049305](./pictures/image-20250707205049305.png) + +### 克隆远程仓库 + +1. 先创建远程仓库，点击上方加号创建仓库，取名为GitDemo + +![image-20250708082856548](./pictures/image-20250708082856548.png) + +2. 复制https的链接 + +![image-20250708082947454](./pictures/image-20250708082947454.png) + +3. 点击soursetree的Clone，把复制的网址输入进去，并选择要克隆到本地的那个目录 + +![image-20250708083410091](./pictures/image-20250708083410091.png) + +### 获取 + +从远程仓库下载所有本地仓库中不存在的提交（commits）和引用（refs），但不会自动合并到当前工作分支。如果需要合并，需要手动marge + +```git +git fetch +``` + +![image-20250708085328450](./pictures/image-20250708085328450.png) + +当前还处于上次的分支没有合并 + +![image-20250708085714440](./pictures/image-20250708085714440.png) + +如果需要合并需要自己手动marge + +### 关联远程仓库 + +1. 创建一个本地仓库 + +2. 点击远端，添加一个远程仓库 + +![image-20250710140922797](./pictures/image-20250710140922797.png) + +3. 添加远程URl + +![image-20250710141037460](./pictures/image-20250710141037460.png) + +4. 点击推送，把本地修改的推送到云端 + +![image-20250710141125800](./pictures/image-20250710141125800.png) + +5. 去远程仓库发现文件已经推送上去 + +![image-20250710141159384](./pictures/image-20250710141159384.png) + +## 节点相关操作 + +### 提交 + +当在提交的时候要先拉取一下最新的代码，防止冲突 + +1. 先在hello.txt里面添加hello weather，然后将其修改的文件暂存到暂存区`git add` + + ![image-20250708091951015](./pictures/image-20250708091951015.png) + +2. 添加要提交的信息，勾上立即推送到变更到origin/master，相当于执行了`git commit && git push ` + +### 重置 + +`git reset` 的三种模式 + +1. `--soft` 模式 + +- **操作**：仅移动 HEAD 指针，不改变暂存区和工作区。 +- **效果**：提交被取消，但修改仍保留在暂存区（可直接重新提交）。 + +2. `--mixed` 模式（默认） + +- **操作**：移动 HEAD 指针，重置暂存区，但保留工作区。 +- **效果**：提交被取消，修改回到工作区（需重新 `git add`） + +3. `--hard` 模式 + +- **操作**：移动 HEAD 指针，重置暂存区和工作区。 +- **效果**：彻底删除提交，工作区恢复到指定提交的状态（修改会丢失） + +软合并为soft 混合合并为mixed 强行合并为hard + +![image-20250708100756494](./pictures/image-20250708100756494.png) + +1. 当点击混合模式之后，本地仓库会回退到那次修改，但是文件还是存在，需要手动确实是否删除或者保留，我选择直接删除，本地只剩下number.txt,云端上面有两个文件 + +![image-20250708101456398](./pictures/image-20250708101456398.png) + +![image-20250708101555505](./pictures/image-20250708101555505.png) + +当前本地和云端的版本不一致，要强行把本地的推送到云端 + +![image-20250708101839909](./pictures/image-20250708101839909.png) + +推送完会本地和云端会呈现一致 + +![image-20250708101934246](./pictures/image-20250708101934246.png) + +### 回滚提交 + +右键要回滚的版本，选择回滚提交 + +![image-20250708102637452](./pictures/image-20250708102637452.png) + +点击推送就能把云端的也回滚提交 + +![image-20250708102849707](./pictures/image-20250708102849707.png) + +## 分支相关操作 + + + +### 新建分支 + +点击上方的分支就能创建一个分支 + +![image-20250708103038424](./pictures/image-20250708103038424.png) + +### 切换分支 + +选择需要切换的分支，直接双击就能切换 + +### 合并分支 + +切换到master分支，选择上面的合并，选择需要合并的分支![image-20250708103311599](./pictures/image-20250708103311599.png) + +![image-20250708103337318](./pictures/image-20250708103337318.png) + +本地仓库也出现了dev-c.txt + +![image-20250708103406873](./pictures/image-20250708103406873.png) + +### 删除分支 + +右键要删除的分支，点击删除 + +![image-20250708103454627](./pictures/image-20250708103454627.png) + +### 制造冲突 + +冲突大概就是，两个人修改了相同的一个文件，git不知道那个在前，那个在后，也不知道是否要删除某一处，所有就会发生冲突 + +1. 先云端修改food.txt添加包子 + +![image-20250709082307168](./pictures/image-20250709082307168.png) + +2. 本地修改food.txt添加油条 + +![image-20250709082358335](./pictures/image-20250709082358335.png) + +3. 提交代码到云端显示提交不上去，推送被拒绝是因为远程仓库的`master`分支有本地仓库没有的更新。这一般是由于其他人向相同分支推送了新内容所导致的。 + +![image-20250709083313272](./pictures/image-20250709083313272.png) + +4. 先尝试拉去一下远端代码 + +![image-20250709083423371](./pictures/image-20250709083423371.png) + +git帮我们标记出了，head是代表本地修改的，=====下面是远端修改的内容 + +![image-20250709083501307](./pictures/image-20250709083501307.png) + +### 解决冲突 + +1. 发现冲突，要先去看一下上面的提交id，可以找到这段代码是谁写的，去询问是谁，看代码怎么修改，这边演示以为我的代码为标准，删除远端的代码修改 + +![image-20250709084649410](./pictures/image-20250709084649410.png) + +![image-20250709084625933](./pictures/image-20250709084625933.png) + +2. 去云端看看代码修改情况，发现和本地的一样 + +![image-20250709084751683](./pictures/image-20250709084751683.png) + +## 其他 + +### 书写忽略文件 + +在sourcetree上面点击`设置`>`高级`>`编辑` + +* 忽略指定名称文件 + +``` +//直接写出其名字 +config.ini +secrets.json +``` + +* 忽略以什么字符结尾的 + +``` +//使用通配符 +//忽略以.txt文件结尾的 +*.txt +// 忽略所有 .log 文件 +*.log +``` + +* 忽略整个文件夹 + +``` +//在文件夹后面加/ +# 忽略 logs 目录及其所有内容 +logs/ +# 忽略 target 目录 +target/ +``` + +### 停止跟踪 + +通过修改.gitignore忽视某个文件但是发现这个文件还是会被踪，只对没有被git commit 过的文件有效，也就是说如果你的文件被commit过后你再修改gitignore，这个时候gitignore对这个文件是无效的，这个时候就需要取消对某个文件的跟踪。 + +添加一个log文件 + +![image-20250711124736945](./pictures/image-20250711124736945.png) + +2. 这时提交上去，然后添加一个忽略文件,但是修改文件，依然会出现 + +![image-20250711130657767](./pictures/image-20250711130657767.png) + +![image-20250711130722293](./pictures/image-20250711130722293.png) + +3. 需要点击文件选择停止追踪 + +![image-20250711131113752](./pictures/image-20250711131113752.png) + +### 创建补丁 + +**创建补丁的原因** + +交给客户的版本是2.0版本的，随着公司的发展，项目已经到了3.0。 +这时候客户提出了一个bug，我们需要对其进行修复。 +因为客户所支付的款项只是到2.0版本的，我们不可能免费给客户升级到3.0版本。 +这个时候就可以使用打补丁的方式来提交代码。 + +项目开发的时候要求一个页面一个代码分支，同时要求代码写完之后要求指定的人来review， +还要求不能向Git分支提交太多次代码，否则分支就会很乱。 +这个时候，就可以让开发者将开发完的代码先提交到本地Git仓库，然后将所有的改动都打一个补丁，将补丁发给代码review者。代码review者，将补丁应用到本地的review分支进行代码review。 + +1. 先将修改的代码，暂存到本地，不提交云端，这里我修改了两处 + +![image-20250709091320725](./pictures/image-20250709091320725.png) + +2. 点击需要打补丁的节点 选择创建补丁 + +![image-20250709091428330](./pictures/image-20250709091428330.png) + +3. 点击创建补丁 + +![image-20250709091529159](./pictures/image-20250709091529159.png) + +### 应用补丁 + +1. 将分支切换到dev分支 +2. 点击上方的`操作`>`应用补丁`并选择补丁的位置 + +![image-20250709092357896](./pictures/image-20250709092357896.png) + +4. 可以看到补丁已经打到dev分支了，暂存在本地仓库 + +![image-20250709092307819](./pictures/image-20250709092307819.png) + +### 贮藏 + +当你现在需要帮同部门的人去改bug，但是自己的还没写完，也可能不想去动自己的本地代码，可以使用贮藏功能 + +ps 贮藏只会去储藏修改的和被git管理的文件 + +1. 点击上方的贮藏，添加一个说明语句 + +![image-20250711133954769](./pictures/image-20250711133954769.png) + +2. 发现工作区间是干净的的，贮藏下面多了一个分支 + +![image-20250711134109661](./pictures/image-20250711134109661.png) + +3. 当应用贮藏的时候会发现更改的和贮藏的都会保留 + +![image-20250711134306193](./pictures/image-20250711134306193.png) + +### 丢弃 + +如上图所示，当需要去除之前写的代码，需要点击丢弃，这里丢弃写的C文件 + +![image-20250711134419976](./pictures/image-20250711134419976.png) + +丢弃完发现暂存区只剩下C文件 + +![image-20250711134517450](./pictures/image-20250711134517450.png) + +### 移除 + +### 创建标签 + +在我们开发迭代过程中，会遇到这种情况，当前的版本是1.0.0。但需要找到版本号0.5.0的版本提交时，可能因为时间久远，不能快速定位到当时V0.5.0的提交记录，这个时候我们就需要进行标签管理了。比如我在发布1.0.0时，只需要在这个版本最后一个提交记录上打上标签， + +![image-20250709094132166](./pictures/image-20250709094132166.png) + +![image-20250709094033231](./pictures/image-20250709094033231.png) + +### 删除标签 + +在左侧标签页可以选择删除标签 + +![image-20250709094147028](./pictures/image-20250709094147028.png)